Toledano Manuel, Toledano-Osorio Manuel, Osorio Raquel, Carrasco-Carmona Álvaro, Gutiérrez-Pérez José-Luis, Gutiérrez-Corrales Aida, Serrera-Figallo María-Angeles, Lynch Christopher D, Torres-Lagares Daniel
Dental Materials Section, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Granada, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
Oral Surgery Section, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Sevilla, Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain.
Polymers (Basel). 2020 May 25;12(5):1201. doi: 10.3390/polym12051201.
The main target of bone tissue engineering is to design biomaterials that support bone regeneration and vascularization. Nanostructured membranes of (MMA)-co-(HEMA)/(MA)-co-(HEA) loaded with 5% wt of SiO-nanoparticles (HOOC-Si-Membrane) were doped with zinc (Zn-HOOC-Si-Membrane) or doxycycline (Dox-HOOC-Si-Membrane). Critical bone defects were effectuated on six New Zealand-bred rabbit skulls and covered with the membranes. After six weeks, the bone architecture was evaluated with micro computed tomography. Three histological analyses were utilized to analyse bone regeneration, including von Kossa silver nitrate, toluidine blue and fluorescence. All membrane-treated defects exhibited higher number of osteocytes and bone perimeter than the control group without the membrane. Zn-HOOC-Si-Membranes induced higher new bone and osteoid area than those treated with HOOC-Si-Membranes, and control group, respectively. Zn-HOOC-Si-Membranes and Dox-HOOC-Si-Membranes attained the lowest ratio M1 macrophages/M2 macrophages. Dox-HOOC-Si-Membranes caused the lowest number of osteoclasts, and bone density. At the trabecular new bone, Zn-HOOC-Si-Membranes produced the highest angiogenesis, bone thickness, connectivity, junctions and branches. Zn-HOOC-Si-Membranes enhanced biological activity, attained a balanced remodeling, and achieved the greatest regenerative efficiency after osteogenesis and angiogenesis assessments. The bone-integrated Zn-HOOC-Si-Membranes can be considered as bioactive modulators provoking a M2 macrophages (pro-healing cells) increase, being a potential biomaterial for promoting bone repair.
骨组织工程的主要目标是设计能够支持骨再生和血管化的生物材料。负载5%重量比二氧化硅纳米颗粒的（甲基丙烯酸甲酯）-共-（甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯）/（甲基丙烯酸）-共-（丙烯酸羟乙酯）纳米结构膜（HOOC-Si膜）用锌（Zn-HOOC-Si膜）或强力霉素（Dox-HOOC-Si膜）进行了掺杂。在六只新西兰种兔的颅骨上制造临界骨缺损，并用这些膜覆盖。六周后，用微型计算机断层扫描评估骨结构。采用三种组织学分析方法来分析骨再生情况，包括冯·科萨硝酸银染色、甲苯胺蓝染色和荧光分析。与未使用膜的对照组相比，所有用膜处理的缺损部位显示出更多的骨细胞和骨周长。Zn-HOOC-Si膜分别比用HOOC-Si膜处理的组和对照组诱导出更高的新骨和类骨质面积。Zn-HOOC-Si膜和Dox-HOOC-Si膜达到了最低的M1巨噬细胞/M2巨噬细胞比例。Dox-HOOC-Si膜导致破骨细胞数量和骨密度最低。在小梁新骨处，Zn-HOOC-Si膜产生了最高的血管生成、骨厚度、连通性、连接和分支。经过成骨和血管生成评估后，Zn-HOOC-Si膜增强了生物活性，实现了平衡的重塑，并达到了最大的再生效率。骨整合的Zn-HOOC-Si膜可被视为生物活性调节剂，可促使M2巨噬细胞（促愈合细胞）增加，是促进骨修复的潜在生物材料。
