Arslan Ersan, Orer Gamze Erikoglu, Clemente Filipe Manuel
Siirt University, School of Physical Education and Sports, Siirt, Turkey.
Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Sport Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
Biol Sport. 2020 Jun;37(2):165-173. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2020.94237. Epub 2020 Mar 31.
This study aimed to compare the effects of 5-week running-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT) vs. small-sided game training (SSG) on the physical performance, psychophysiological responses and technical skills in young soccer players. Twenty young male soccer players (age: 14.2±0.5 years, height: 161.8±7.9 cm) participated in this study and were assigned to two groups: the HIIT group (n=10) and SSG group (n=10). Both groups trained twice per week with a similar total training duration. The SSG consisted of two 5-9 minutes of 2-a-side with 2-minute passive rest periods, whereas the HIIT consisted of 12-20 minutes of continuous runs at intensities (90 to 95%) related to the velocity obtained in the 30-15 intermittent fitness test. Before and after the 5-week training periods the following tests were completed: maximum oxygen consumption (VO) from the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 1 (YYIRTL-1), 10-30-m sprint test, countermovement jump [CMJ], squat jump [SJ], and drop jump [DJ]), 1000-m run test, zigzag agility, repeated sprint ability, 30-15 intermittent fitness test and speed dribbling ability test. Our results revealed meaningful improvements in YYIRTL-1 performance (SSG: +12.8%, standardized effect size []=-1.46; HIIT: +16.4%, =3.27 and VO (SSG: +3.3%, =-1.48; HIIT: +4.3%, =2.61). There was a meaningful greater improvement in agility and technical test performances following the SSG training compared with the HIIT (p ≤ 0.05, =ranging from 0.92 to 1.99). By contrast, the HIIT group showed meaningfully higher performance responses in terms of the 1000-m running time and repeated sprint test ability (p ≤ 0.05, =ranging from 0.90 to 2.06). These results confirmed that SSG training might be a more effective training regime to improve technical ability and agility with greater enjoyment, whereas HIIT might be more suitable for speed-based conditioning in young soccer players.
本研究旨在比较为期5周的基于跑步的高强度间歇训练（HIIT）与小场地比赛训练（SSG）对年轻足球运动员身体机能、心理生理反应和技术技能的影响。20名年轻男性足球运动员（年龄：14.2±0.5岁，身高：161.8±7.9厘米）参与了本研究，并被分为两组：HIIT组（n = 10）和SSG组（n = 10）。两组均每周训练两次，总训练时长相似。SSG包括两场时长为5 - 9分钟的2对2比赛，中间有2分钟的被动休息时间，而HIIT包括12 - 20分钟与30 - 15间歇体能测试中获得的速度相关强度（90%至95%）的持续跑步。在为期5周的训练期前后，完成了以下测试：Yo-Yo间歇恢复测试1级（YYIRTL - 1）的最大摄氧量（VO）、10 - 30米短跑测试、反向纵跳[CMJ]、深蹲跳[SJ]和下落跳[DJ]）、1000米跑测试、折线敏捷性测试、重复冲刺能力测试、30 - 15间歇体能测试和快速运球能力测试。我们的结果显示，YYIRTL - 1表现有显著改善（SSG组：+12.8%，标准化效应量[] = - 1.46；HIIT组：+16.4%，= 3.27）以及VO（SSG组：+3.3%，= - 1.48；HIIT组：+4.3%，= 2.61）。与HIIT相比，SSG训练后在敏捷性和技术测试表现方面有显著更大的改善（p≤0.05，=范围从0.92至1.99）。相比之下，HIIT组在1000米跑步时间和重复冲刺测试能力方面表现出显著更高的成绩（p≤0.05，=范围从0.90至2.06）。这些结果证实，SSG训练可能是一种更有效的训练方式，能在带来更多乐趣的同时提高技术能力和敏捷性，而HIIT可能更适合年轻足球运动员基于速度的体能训练。
