Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe - Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris 75006, France.
Unité de Génétique Fonctionnelle des Maladies Infectieuses, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR2000 Génomique Évolutive, Modélisation et Santé, Institut Pasteur, Paris 75015, France.
Cell Rep Med. 2020 May 19;1(2):100016. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100016. Epub 2020 Apr 30.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It has infected millions, with more than 275,000 fatal cases as of May 8, 2020. Currently, there are no specific COVID-19 therapies. Most patients depend on mechanical ventilation. Current COVID-19 data clearly highlight that cytokine storm and activated immune cell migration to the lungs characterize the early immune response to COVID-19 that causes severe lung damage and development of acute respiratory distress syndrome. In view of uncertainty associated with immunosuppressive treatments, such as corticosteroids and their possible secondary effects, including risks of secondary infections, we suggest immunotherapies as an adjunct therapy in severe COVID-19 cases. Such immunotherapies based on inflammatory cytokine neutralization, immunomodulation, and passive viral neutralization not only reduce inflammation, inflammation-associated lung damage, or viral load but could also prevent intensive care unit hospitalization and dependency on mechanical ventilation, both of which are limited resources.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2 型（SARS-CoV-2）引起。截至 2020 年 5 月 8 日，它已感染数百万人，导致超过 27.5 万人死亡。目前，尚无针对 COVID-19 的特定疗法。大多数患者依赖机械通气。目前 COVID-19 的数据清楚地表明，细胞因子风暴和激活的免疫细胞迁移到肺部是 COVID-19 早期免疫反应的特征，可导致严重的肺部损伤和急性呼吸窘迫综合征的发展。鉴于免疫抑制治疗（如皮质类固醇）及其可能的继发性作用（包括继发感染的风险）存在不确定性，我们建议在严重 COVID-19 病例中使用免疫疗法作为辅助治疗。这些基于炎症细胞因子中和、免疫调节和被动病毒中和的免疫疗法不仅可以减轻炎症、炎症相关的肺部损伤或病毒载量，还可以预防重症监护病房住院和对机械通气的依赖，而这两者都是有限的资源。
