Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, 1871, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2020 Jun 30;20(1):201. doi: 10.1186/s12906-020-03001-7.
Diarrhoea has been the major cause of death especially in children of developing countries. Brucea antidysenterica is one of the several medicinal plants used traditionally for the treatment of diarrhoea in Ethiopia. Hence, the present study was undertaken to investigate the antidiarrhoeal and antibacterial activities of the root extract of B. antidysenterica.
Plant material was extracted by maceration technique using 80% methanol. The antidiarrhoeal activity was tested using castor oil-induced diarrhoea, castor oil-induced charcoal meal test, and castor oil-induced enteropooling models in mice. Whilst, the antibacterial activity of the crude extract was evaluated using agar well diffusion and broth microdilution methods.
The 80% methanolic crude extract significantly delayed the diarrhoeal onset at the two higher doses (p < 0.001) and it has also inhibited the number and weight of faecal output at all tested doses as compared with the negative control. Moreover, it showed a significant anti-motility effect (p < 0.001) at all tested doses. Whereas it displayed a significant reduction in the weight and volume of intestinal contents at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg (p < 0.01). The highest concentration (800 mg/mL) of test extract showed maximum zone of inhibition in all tested standard strains of bacteria (18.3 mm-22 mm). While MIC and MBC values (0.39 mg/mL and 1.56 mg/mL) showed that S. flexneri was the most susceptible pathogen for test extract.
The study revealed that the root extract of B. antidysenterica has antidiarrhoeal and antibacterial activities.
腹泻一直是发展中国家儿童死亡的主要原因。Brucea antidysenterica 是几种传统上用于治疗腹泻的药用植物之一。因此，本研究旨在调查 B. antidysenterica 根提取物的抗腹泻和抗菌活性。
采用 80%甲醇浸提法提取植物材料。通过蓖麻油诱导的腹泻、蓖麻油诱导的炭粉试验和蓖麻油诱导的肠液蓄积模型在小鼠中测试抗腹泻活性。同时，采用琼脂孔扩散法和肉汤微量稀释法评估粗提取物的抗菌活性。
80%甲醇粗提物在两个较高剂量下显著延迟腹泻发作（p<0.001），并与阴性对照组相比，所有测试剂量均抑制粪便排出量和重量。此外，它在所有测试剂量下均显示出显著的抗运动作用（p<0.001）。而在 200 和 400mg/kg 剂量下，它显示出对肠内容物重量和体积的显著减少（p<0.01）。测试提取物的最高浓度（800mg/mL）在所有测试的标准细菌菌株中显示出最大的抑制区（18.3mm-22mm）。MIC 和 MBC 值（0.39mg/mL 和 1.56mg/mL）表明 S. flexneri 是测试提取物最敏感的病原体。
研究表明，B. antidysenterica 根提取物具有抗腹泻和抗菌活性。
