绿咖啡提取物补充剂对成年人血糖指数和血脂谱的影响：临床试验的系统评价和剂量反应荟萃分析。

The effects of green coffee extract supplementation on glycemic indices and lipid profile in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of clinical trials.

机构信息

Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.

Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.

出版信息

Nutr J. 2020 Jul 14;19(1):71. doi: 10.1186/s12937-020-00587-z.

BACKGROUND

The role of coffee consumption in the risk of cardiovascular diseases has been debated for many years. The current study aimed to summarize earlier evidence on the effects of green coffee extract (GCE) supplementation on glycemic indices and lipid profile.

METHODS

We searched available online databases for relevant clinical trials published up to October 2019. All clinical trials investigating the effect of GCE supplementation, compared with a control group, on fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were included. Overall, 14 clinical trials with a total sample size of 766 participants were included in the current meta-analysis.

RESULTS

We found a significant reducing effect of GCE supplementation on FBG (weighted mean difference (WMD): -2.35, 95% CI: - 3.78, - 0.92 mg/dL, P = 0.001) and serum insulin (WMD: -0.63, 95% CI: - 1.11, - 0.15 μU/L, P = 0.01). With regard to lipid profile, we observed a significant reduction only in serum levels of TC following GCE supplementation in the overall meta-analysis (WMD: -4.51, 95% CI: - 8.39, - 0.64, P = 0.02). However, subgroup analysis showed a significant reduction in serum TG in studies enrolled both genders. Also, such a significant reduction was seen in serum levels of LDL and HDL when the analyses confined to studies with intervention duration of ≥8 weeks and those included female subjects. In the non-linear dose-response analyses, we found that the effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) dosage, the main polyphenol in GCE, on FBG, TG and HDL were in the non-linear fashions.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, we found that GCE supplementation improved FBG and serum levels of insulin and TC. Also, there was a significant improvement in other markers of lipid profile in some subgroups of clinical trials.

背景

咖啡消费与心血管疾病风险之间的关系多年来一直存在争议。本研究旨在总结有关绿咖啡提取物（GCE）补充剂对血糖指数和血脂谱影响的现有证据。

方法

我们检索了截至 2019 年 10 月的在线数据库中有关 GCE 补充剂与对照组相比对空腹血糖（FBG）、血清胰岛素、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）影响的临床研究。共有 14 项临床试验，总样本量为 766 名参与者，纳入本次荟萃分析。

结果

我们发现 GCE 补充剂可显著降低 FBG（加权均数差（WMD）：-2.35，95%置信区间（CI）：-3.78，-0.92 mg/dL，P = 0.001）和血清胰岛素（WMD：-0.63，95%CI：-1.11，-0.15 μU/L，P = 0.01）。关于血脂谱，我们观察到 GCE 补充后仅在总分析中观察到 TC 血清水平显著降低（WMD：-4.51，95%CI：-8.39，-0.64，P = 0.02）。然而，亚组分析显示，在纳入男女的研究中，血清 TG 水平显著降低。此外，当分析仅限于干预持续时间≥8 周的研究和纳入女性受试者的研究时，也观察到 LDL 和 HDL 血清水平显著降低。在非线性剂量-反应分析中，我们发现 GCE 中的主要多酚绿原酸（CGA）剂量对 FBG、TG 和 HDL 的影响呈非线性。