Dorling James L, Ravussin Eric, Redman Leanne M, Bhapkar Manju, Huffman Kim M, Racette Susan B, Das Sai K, Apolzan John W, Kraus William E, Höchsmann Christoph, Martin Corby K
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Rd., Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA.
Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Eur J Nutr. 2021 Apr;60(3):1633-1643. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02361-7. Epub 2020 Aug 14.
Calorie restriction (CR) is an effective treatment for obesity-related liver and metabolic disease. However, CR studies in individuals without obesity are needed to see if CR could delay disease onset. Liver biomarkers indicate hepatic health and are linked to cardiometabolic disease. Our aim was to examine the effects of a 2-year CR intervention on liver biomarkers in healthy individuals without obesity.
The Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE) study was a 2-year randomized controlled trial. Overall, 218 participants (body mass index: 25.1 ± 1.7 kg/m) were enrolled into a control group (n = 75) that ate ad libitum (AL), or a CR group (n = 143) that aimed to decrease energy intake by 25%. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), and bilirubin were measured during the trial.
At month 24, relative to the AL group, ALP (- 7 ± 1 IU/L; P < 0.01) and GGT (- 0.11 ± 0.04 log IU/L; P = 0.02) decreased and bilirubin increased (0.21 ± 0.06 log mg/dL; P < 0.01) in the CR group; no between-group differences in ALT (- 1 ± 1 IU/L; P > 0.99) or AST (2 ± 2 IU/L; P = 0.68) were revealed. However, sex-by-treatment-by-time interactions (P < 0.01) were observed, with CR (vs. control) inducing reduced ALT and GGT and increased AST in men only (P ≤ 0.02).
In metabolically healthy individuals without obesity, 2 years of CR improves several liver biomarkers, with potentially greater improvements in men. These data suggest that sustained CR may improve long-term liver and metabolic disease risk in healthy adults.
Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00427193). Registered January 2007.
热量限制（CR）是治疗肥胖相关肝脏和代谢疾病的有效方法。然而，需要对非肥胖个体进行CR研究，以确定CR是否能延缓疾病发作。肝脏生物标志物可指示肝脏健康状况，并与心脏代谢疾病相关。我们的目的是研究为期2年的CR干预对非肥胖健康个体肝脏生物标志物的影响。
能量摄入减少长期效应综合评估（CALERIE）研究是一项为期2年的随机对照试验。共有218名参与者（体重指数：25.1±1.7kg/m²）被纳入自由进食（AL）的对照组（n = 75）或旨在将能量摄入减少25%的CR组（n = 143）。在试验期间测量了丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）和胆红素。
在第24个月时，与AL组相比，CR组的ALP（-7±1IU/L；P<0.01）和GGT（-0.11±0.04logIU/L；P = 0.02）降低，胆红素升高（0.21±0.06logmg/dL；P<0.01）；未发现ALT（-1±1IU/L；P>0.99）或AST（2±2IU/L；P = 0.68）的组间差异。然而，观察到性别×治疗×时间的交互作用（P<0.01），CR（与对照组相比）仅在男性中导致ALT和GGT降低，AST升高（P≤0.02）。
在非肥胖的代谢健康个体中，2年的CR可改善多种肝脏生物标志物，男性的改善可能更大。这些数据表明，持续的CR可能会降低健康成年人患长期肝脏和代谢疾病的风险。
Clinicaltrials.gov（NCT00427193）。2007年1月注册。
