Department of Hygiene, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 7, 50-368, Wrocław, Poland.
Centre of Diagnostic Imaging, 4th Military Hospital, Weigla 5, 50-981, Wrocław, Poland.
Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2021 Jan;21(1):79-87. doi: 10.1007/s12012-020-09598-y. Epub 2020 Aug 18.
The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between environmental tobacco smoke exposure (ETS) and epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATT) in hypertensive patients. A total of 96 patients with essential hypertension were recruited for this study. The group consisted of 48 females and 48 males with the mean age of 69.32 ± 9.54 years. ETS was assessed with The Secondhand Smoke Exposure Scale (SHSES). EATT was assessed in 128-slice dual source coronary computed tomography angiography. In accordance to SHSES scale patients were divided into subgroups: subgroup A-no ETS exposure (SHSES = 0 points, n = 48), subgroup B-low ETS exposure (SHSES = 1-3 points, n = 11), subgroup C-medium ETS exposure (SHSES = 4-7 points, n = 20) and subgroup D-high ETS exposure (SHSES = 8-11 points, n = 17). Within the study group the mean EATT was 5.75 ± 1.85 mm and the mean SHSES score was 3.05 ± 3.74. EATT was statistically significantly higher in subgroup D than in subgroups A and B (A: 5.28 ± 1.64 mm, B: 5.04 ± 2.64 mm, D: 7.04 ± 2.64 mm, p and p < 0.05). There was a positive linear correlation between the exposure to ETS expressed by the SHSES scale and EATT (r = 0.44, p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that higher SHSES score, higher BMI, and higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure are independent risk factors for higher EATT values. Contrary, the use of ACE inhibitors and β-blockers appeared to be independent protecting factor against higher EATT values. There is an unfavorable positive relationship between ETS exposure estimated using the SHSES scale and EATT in hypertensive patients.
本研究旨在评估高血压患者环境烟草烟雾暴露（ETS）与心外膜脂肪组织厚度（EATT）之间的关系。本研究共纳入 96 例原发性高血压患者，其中 48 例女性，48 例男性，平均年龄 69.32±9.54 岁。ETS 采用二手烟暴露量表（SHSES）进行评估，EATT 通过 128 层双源冠状动脉 CT 血管造影进行评估。根据 SHSES 量表，患者被分为以下亚组：A 组无 ETS 暴露（SHSES=0 分，n=48），B 组低 ETS 暴露（SHSES=1-3 分，n=11），C 组中 ETS 暴露（SHSES=4-7 分，n=20）和 D 组高 ETS 暴露（SHSES=8-11 分，n=17）。在研究组中，平均 EATT 为 5.75±1.85mm，平均 SHSES 评分为 3.05±3.74。与 A 组和 B 组相比，D 组的 EATT 显著更高（A：5.28±1.64mm，B：5.04±2.64mm，D：7.04±2.64mm，p 和 p<0.05）。SHSES 量表评估的 ETS 暴露与 EATT 之间存在正线性相关（r=0.44，p<0.05）。回归分析显示，较高的 SHSES 评分、较高的 BMI、较高的收缩压和舒张压是 EATT 值升高的独立危险因素。相反，使用 ACE 抑制剂和β受体阻滞剂似乎是 EATT 值升高的独立保护因素。SHSES 量表评估的 ETS 暴露与高血压患者的 EATT 之间存在不利的正相关关系。
