Department of Policy Management, Keio University, 5322 Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 252-0882, Japan.
Center of Excellence for Positive Organizational Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Aug 27;17(17):6213. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176213.
This study examines how working parents' work attitudes (i.e., workaholism and work engagement) are associated with their child's psychological well-being. Based on the Spillover-Crossover model (SCM), we hypothesize that (a) work-to-family spillover (i.e., work-to-family conflict and facilitation) and (b) employee happiness will sequentially mediate the relationship between parents' work attitudes and their child's emotional and behavioral problems. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among Japanese dual-earner couples with pre-school child(ren). On the basis of valid data from 208 families, the hypothesized model was tested using structural equation modeling. For both fathers and mothers simultaneously, workaholism was positively related to work-to-family conflict, which, in turn, was negatively related to happiness. In contrast, work engagement was positively related to work-to-family facilitation, which, in turn, was positively related to happiness. Fathers' and mothers' happiness, in turn, were negatively related to their child's emotional and behavioral problems. Results suggest that parents' workaholism and work engagement are related to their child's emotional and behavioral problems in opposite ways, whereby parents' spillover and happiness mediate this relationship. These findings support the SCM and suggest that decreasing workaholism and improving work engagement may not only improve employees' happiness, but also decrease their child's emotional and behavioral problems.
本研究考察了工作父母的工作态度（即工作狂和工作投入）如何与孩子的心理健康相关。基于溢出-交叉模型（SCM），我们假设：（a）工作对家庭的溢出（即工作-家庭冲突和促进）和（b）员工幸福感将依次中介父母工作态度与其孩子情绪和行为问题之间的关系。在有学龄前儿童的日本双职工夫妇中进行了横断面调查。在 208 个家庭的有效数据基础上，使用结构方程模型检验了假设模型。对于父亲和母亲同时，工作狂与工作-家庭冲突呈正相关，而工作-家庭冲突又与幸福感呈负相关。相比之下，工作投入与工作-家庭促进呈正相关，而工作-家庭促进又与幸福感呈正相关。父母的幸福感反过来又与孩子的情绪和行为问题呈负相关。结果表明，父母的工作狂和工作投入与孩子的情绪和行为问题呈相反的方式相关，父母的溢出和幸福感中介了这种关系。这些发现支持了 SCM，并表明减少工作狂和提高工作投入不仅可以提高员工的幸福感，还可以减少孩子的情绪和行为问题。
