Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Sep 18;17(18):6803. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186803.
Cellulose is a naturally existing element in the plant's cell wall and in several bacteria. The unique characteristics of bacterial cellulose (BC), such as non-toxicity, biodegradability, hydrophilicity, and biocompatibility, together with the modifiable form of nanocellulose, or the integration with nanoparticles, such as nanosilver (AgNP), all for antibacterial effects, contributes to the extensive usage of BC in wound healing applications. Due to this, BC has gained much demand and attention for therapeutical usage over time, especially in the pharmaceutical industry when compared to plant cellulose (PC). This paper reviews the progress of related research based on in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials, including the overall information concerning BC and PC production and its mechanisms in wound healing. The physicochemical differences between BC and PC have been clearly summarized in a comparison table. Meanwhile, the latest Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved BC products in the biomedical field are thoroughly discussed with their applications. The paper concludes on the need for further investigations of BC in the future, in an attempt to make BC an essential wound dressing that has the ability to be marketable in the global marketplace.
纤维素是植物细胞壁和几种细菌中天然存在的元素。细菌纤维素（BC）具有独特的特性，如无毒、可生物降解、亲水性和生物相容性，以及纳米纤维素的可修饰形式，或与纳米银（AgNP）等纳米粒子的整合，都具有抗菌作用，这有助于 BC 在伤口愈合应用中的广泛使用。因此，BC 随着时间的推移在治疗用途方面的需求和关注度都有所增加，尤其是在制药行业与植物纤维素（PC）相比时。本文综述了基于体外、体内和临床试验的相关研究进展，包括 BC 和 PC 生产及其在伤口愈合中的机制的总体信息。BC 和 PC 之间的理化差异在比较表中得到了清晰的总结。同时，还深入讨论了生物医学领域中最新获得美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准的 BC 产品及其应用。本文最后得出结论，需要对 BC 进行进一步的研究，以尝试使 BC 成为一种基本的伤口敷料，使其有能力在全球市场上销售。
