Landolfi Alfonso, Barattucci Massimiliano, Lo Presti Alessandro
Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Viale Ellittico, 31-81100 Caserta, Italy.
Facoltà di Psicologia dell'Università e-Campus, via Isimbardi, 10-22060 Novedrate (CO), Italy.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2020 Sep 18;10(9):140. doi: 10.3390/bs10090140.
The work-family interface is a compelling topic that calls into question labor market dynamics and work processes, together with important social and family composition changes. The present study aimed at examining the antecedents of Work-Family Balance (WFB) in Italy consistent with Greenhaus and Allen's (2011) conceptual model in which the characteristics of work and family roles have an indirect impact on work-family balance through Work-Family Conflict (WFC) and Work-Family Enrichment (WFE), and where job and family satisfaction are considered as predictors of WFB. A total of 568 workers participated in a time-lagged correlational study, filling a questionnaire. The theoretical model was tested by assessing the mediating role of job and family satisfaction as well as related antecedents, conflict, and enrichment between the family and work contexts, through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results partially confirmed the theoretical model: work-to-family enrichment and work-to-family conflict predicted family satisfaction, which also mediated their association with WFB. The results in the family-to-work direction did not support the initial research hypotheses. The hypotheses about associations between demands and resources, conflict and enrichment in both directions, and of the moderating role of core self-evaluations were partially confirmed. The results highlighted that organizations need to carry out periodic assessments of WFC and WFE, in order to provide benefits and resources, to reduce conflict, and increase enrichment, through proper interventions (training activities, professional development, mentoring, and forms of flexibility).
工作与家庭的关系是一个引人关注的话题，它对劳动力市场动态和工作流程提出了质疑，同时也涉及到重要的社会和家庭构成变化。本研究旨在依据格林豪斯和艾伦（2011年）的概念模型，考察意大利工作-家庭平衡（WFB）的前因。在该模型中，工作和家庭角色的特征通过工作-家庭冲突（WFC）和工作-家庭充实感（WFE）对工作-家庭平衡产生间接影响，并且工作满意度和家庭满意度被视为工作-家庭平衡的预测指标。共有568名员工参与了一项时滞相关研究，并填写了问卷。通过结构方程模型（SEM）评估工作满意度和家庭满意度的中介作用以及家庭与工作环境之间的相关前因、冲突和充实感，对理论模型进行了检验。结果部分证实了理论模型：工作对家庭的充实感和工作对家庭的冲突预测了家庭满意度，家庭满意度也在它们与工作-家庭平衡的关联中起到了中介作用。家庭对工作方向的结果不支持最初的研究假设。关于需求与资源、两个方向上的冲突与充实感之间的关联以及核心自我评价的调节作用的假设得到了部分证实。结果强调，组织需要定期评估工作-家庭冲突和工作-家庭充实感，以便通过适当的干预措施（培训活动、职业发展、指导和灵活形式）提供福利和资源，减少冲突，并增加充实感。
