MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Oct 2;69(39):1398-1403. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6939a3.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral respiratory illness caused by SARS-CoV-2. During January 21-July 25, 2020, in response to official requests for assistance with COVID-19 emergency public health response activities, CDC deployed 208 teams to assist 55 state, tribal, local, and territorial health departments. CDC deployment data were analyzed to summarize activities by deployed CDC teams in assisting state, tribal, local, and territorial health departments to identify and implement measures to contain SARS-CoV-2 transmission (1). Deployed teams assisted with the investigation of transmission in high-risk congregate settings, such as long-term care facilities (53 deployments; 26% of total), food processing facilities (24; 12%), correctional facilities (12; 6%), and settings that provide services to persons experiencing homelessness (10; 5%). Among the 208 deployed teams, 178 (85%) provided assistance to state health departments, 12 (6%) to tribal health departments, 10 (5%) to local health departments, and eight (4%) to territorial health departments. CDC collaborations with health departments have strengthened local capacity and provided outbreak response support. Collaborations focused attention on health equity issues among disproportionately affected populations (e.g., racial and ethnic minority populations, essential frontline workers, and persons experiencing homelessness) and through a place-based focus (e.g., persons living in rural or frontier areas). These collaborations also facilitated enhanced characterization of COVID-19 epidemiology, directly contributing to CDC data-informed guidance, including guidance for serial testing as a containment strategy in high-risk congregate settings, targeted interventions and prevention efforts among workers at food processing facilities, and social distancing.
2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)是由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2 型(SARS-CoV-2)引起的病毒性呼吸道疾病。2020 年 1 月 21 日至 7 月 25 日,美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)应官方要求协助 COVID-19 紧急公共卫生应对活动,共部署了 208 个小组,协助 55 个州、部落、地方和地区卫生部门。对 CDC 部署数据进行了分析,以总结部署的 CDC 小组协助州、部落、地方和地区卫生部门开展的活动,这些活动旨在识别和实施措施以控制 SARS-CoV-2 传播(1)。部署的小组协助调查高风险聚集环境(如长期护理设施[53 次部署;占总数的 26%]、食品加工设施[24 次;12%]、惩教设施[12 次;6%]和为无家可归者提供服务的场所[10 次;5%])中的传播情况。在 208 个部署的小组中,178 个(85%)向州卫生部门提供了援助,12 个(6%)向部落卫生部门提供了援助,10 个(5%)向地方卫生部门提供了援助,8 个(4%)向地区卫生部门提供了援助。CDC 与卫生部门的合作加强了地方能力,并为疫情应对提供了支持。这些合作重点关注受影响不成比例的人群(例如,种族和族裔少数群体、基本一线工作人员和无家可归者)的健康公平问题,并通过以地点为基础的重点(例如,居住在农村或边境地区的人)。这些合作还促进了对 COVID-19 流行病学的更深入描述,直接为 CDC 基于数据的指导提供了帮助,包括将连续检测作为高风险聚集环境中控制策略的指导、针对食品加工设施工人的针对性干预和预防措施,以及社会隔离。