Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2020 Dec;66:236-245. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.09.004. Epub 2020 Sep 30.
Immune cells can sense and respond to biophysical cues - from dynamic forces to spatial features - during their development, activation, differentiation and expansion. These biophysical signals regulate a variety of immune cell functions such as leukocyte extravasation, macrophage polarization, T cell selection and T cell activation. Recent studies have advanced our understanding on immune responses to biophysical cues and the underlying mechanisms of mechanotransduction, which provides rational basis for the design and development of immune-modulatory therapeutics. This review discusses the recent progress in mechanosensing and mechanotransduction of immune cells, particularly monocytes/macrophages and T lymphocytes, and features new biomaterial designs and biomedical devices that translate these findings into biomedical applications.
免疫细胞在其发育、激活、分化和扩增过程中可以感知和响应生物物理线索——从动态力到空间特征。这些生物物理信号调节各种免疫细胞功能，如白细胞渗出、巨噬细胞极化、T 细胞选择和 T 细胞激活。最近的研究提高了我们对免疫细胞对生物物理线索的反应以及机械转导的潜在机制的理解，为免疫调节治疗的设计和开发提供了合理的依据。本综述讨论了免疫细胞（特别是单核细胞/巨噬细胞和 T 淋巴细胞）的机械感知和机械转导的最新进展，并介绍了将这些发现转化为生物医学应用的新型生物材料设计和生物医学设备。
