Zhang Jintao, Lakshmipriya Thangavel, Gopinath Subash C B
Department of Children's Heart Center, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450000, China.
Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar, Perlis 01000, Malaysia.
ACS Omega. 2020 Oct 1;5(40):25899-25905. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03260. eCollection 2020 Oct 13.
The primary reasons for myocardial infarction (MI) are pericarditis, arrhythmia, and heart failure, causing predominant deaths worldwide. Patients need a potential diagnostic system and treatment before cardiomyocyte damage. Cardiac biomarkers are released from myocytes immediately after a heart attack. Troponin is an efficient biomarker released from dead cells within a few hours. Aptamers are artificial antibodies used effectively in the biosensor field for biomarker detection. Along with aptamers, the application of nanomaterials is also expected to enhance the detection limits of biosensors. In this investigation, selected aptamers against cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were conjugated with gold nanoparticles (GNPs) to diagnose MI and compared with an aptamer-only control group on an interdigitated electrode surface. Based on electroanalysis, cTnI was detected at concentrations as low as 1 fM, and the detection limit improved to 100 aM when the aptamer was conjugated with GNP. In addition, aptamer-GNP conjugates increased the current level at the tested concentrations of cTnI. Control experiments with noncomplementary aptamers and relevant proteins did not result in notable changes in the current, demonstrating the selective detection of cTnI.
心肌梗死（MI）的主要原因是心包炎、心律失常和心力衰竭，在全球范围内导致了大量死亡。患者在心肌细胞受损之前需要一个潜在的诊断系统和治疗方法。心脏生物标志物在心脏病发作后立即从心肌细胞中释放出来。肌钙蛋白是一种在数小时内从死亡细胞中释放出来的有效生物标志物。适体是在生物传感器领域中有效用于生物标志物检测的人工抗体。除了适体之外，纳米材料的应用也有望提高生物传感器的检测限。在本研究中，将筛选出的针对心肌肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）的适体与金纳米颗粒（GNP）结合，用于诊断心肌梗死，并在叉指电极表面与仅使用适体的对照组进行比较。基于电分析，cTnI的检测浓度低至1 fM，当适体与GNP结合时，检测限提高到100 aM。此外，适体-GNP缀合物在测试的cTnI浓度下提高了电流水平。用非互补适体和相关蛋白质进行的对照实验未导致电流出现显著变化，表明对cTnI具有选择性检测。
