Institute for Solid State Physics, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8581, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2020 Nov 11;10(1):19582. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-76695-x.
Shapes of biological membranes are dynamically regulated in living cells. Although membrane shape deformation by proteins at thermal equilibrium has been extensively studied, nonequilibrium dynamics have been much less explored. Recently, chemical reaction propagation has been experimentally observed in plasma membranes. Thus, it is important to understand how the reaction-diffusion dynamics are modified on deformable curved membranes. Here, we investigated nonequilibrium pattern formation on vesicles induced by mechanochemical feedback between membrane deformation and chemical reactions, using dynamically triangulated membrane simulations combined with the Brusselator model. We found that membrane deformation changes stable patterns relative to those that occur on a non-deformable curved surface, as determined by linear stability analysis. We further found that budding and multi-spindle shapes are induced by Turing patterns, and we also observed the transition from oscillation patterns to stable spot patterns. Our results demonstrate the importance of mechanochemical feedback in pattern formation on deforming membranes.
生物膜的形状在活细胞中是动态调节的。尽管在热平衡条件下蛋白质对膜形状的变形已有广泛研究，但非平衡动力学的研究则要少得多。最近，在质膜中已经观察到化学反应的传播。因此，了解反应-扩散动力学在可变形弯曲膜上是如何被修饰的非常重要。在这里，我们使用动态三角化膜模拟结合布鲁塞尔模型研究了由膜变形和化学反应之间的力化学反馈引起的囊泡上的非平衡模式形成。我们发现，膜变形改变了相对于线性稳定性分析确定的不可变形弯曲表面上发生的稳定模式。我们进一步发现，芽殖和多纺锤形状是由图灵模式引起的，我们还观察到从振荡模式到稳定点模式的转变。我们的结果表明，力化学反馈在变形膜上的模式形成中非常重要。
