Srubar Wil V
Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA; Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
Trends Biotechnol. 2021 Jun;39(6):574-583. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2020.10.009. Epub 2020 Nov 21.
At the intersection of synthetic biology and materials science, the field of engineered living materials (ELMs) has evolved into a new, standalone discipline. The fusion of bioengineering's design-build-test-learn approaches with classical materials science has yielded breakthrough innovations in the synthesis of complex, biologically active materials for functional applications in therapeutics, electronics, construction, and beyond. However, the transdisciplinary nature of the ELM field - and its rapid growth - has made holistic comprehension of achievements related to the tools, techniques, and applications of ELMs difficult across disciplines. To this end, this review proposes an emergent taxonomy of ELM research and uses the categorization to discuss current trends and state-of-the-art advancements, significant opportunities, and imminent challenges for scientists and engineers in the field.
在合成生物学与材料科学的交叉领域，工程化活材料（ELMs）已发展成为一门全新的独立学科。生物工程的设计—构建—测试—学习方法与经典材料科学的融合，在合成用于治疗、电子、建筑等功能应用的复杂生物活性材料方面带来了突破性创新。然而，ELM领域的跨学科性质及其快速发展，使得跨学科全面理解与ELMs的工具、技术和应用相关的成果变得困难。为此，本综述提出了一种新兴的ELM研究分类法，并利用该分类法讨论当前趋势、最新进展、该领域科学家和工程师面临的重大机遇以及紧迫挑战。
