Computational Neuropsychology & Simulation, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States.
Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
J Med Internet Res. 2020 Dec 16;22(12):e23777. doi: 10.2196/23777.
Neuropsychologists in the digital age have increasing access to emerging technologies. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) initiatives for behavioral and social sciences have emphasized these developing scientific and technological potentials (eg, novel sensors) for augmented characterization of neurocognitive, behavioral, affective, and social processes. Perhaps these innovative technologies will lead to a paradigm shift from disintegrated and data-poor behavioral science to cohesive and data-rich science that permits improved translation from bench to bedside. The 4 main advances influencing the scientific priorities of a recent NIH Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research strategic plan include the following: integration of neuroscience into behavioral and social sciences, transformational advances in measurement science, digital intervention platforms, and large-scale population cohorts and data integration. This paper reviews these opportunities for novel brain-behavior characterizations. Emphasis is placed on the increasing concern of neuropsychology with these topics and the need for development in these areas to maintain relevance as a scientific discipline and advance scientific developments. Furthermore, the effects of such advancements necessitate discussion and modification of training as well as ethical and legal mandates for neuropsychological research and praxes.
在数字时代，神经心理学家越来越多地接触到新兴技术。美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）的行为和社会科学倡议强调了这些不断发展的科学和技术潜力（例如新型传感器），以增强对神经认知、行为、情感和社会过程的描述。也许这些创新技术将引领范式转变，从分散且数据匮乏的行为科学转变为具有凝聚力且数据丰富的科学，从而能够更好地将实验室研究转化为临床应用。影响 NIH 行为和社会科学研究办公室近期战略计划科学优先事项的 4 个主要进展包括：将神经科学融入行为和社会科学、测量科学的变革性进步、数字干预平台以及大规模人群队列和数据整合。本文回顾了这些用于新型大脑-行为特征描述的机会。重点强调了神经心理学对这些主题的日益关注，以及在这些领域发展的必要性，以保持作为一门科学学科的相关性并推进科学发展。此外，这些进展的影响需要对培训以及神经心理学研究和实践的伦理和法律要求进行讨论和修改。
