Department of Psychology, Queen's University, 62 Arch Street (Humphrey Hall), Kingston, ON, K7L 3L3, Canada.
Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol. 2021 Feb;49(2):241-253. doi: 10.1007/s10802-020-00715-7. Epub 2021 Jan 6.
Social Networking Sites (SNS) have close to 3 billion users worldwide. Recently, however, SNS have come under media scrutiny for their potential association with depression. Two previous meta-analyses failed to find evidence for a robust concurrent association between SNS use and depression symptoms. However, these analyses focused primarily on the time spent using SNS. The current meta-analysis is the first to consider the multi-dimensional nature of SNS use, and examines separately the quantitative associations of depression symptoms to SNS use in three types of SNS studies examining three distinct constructs of SNS use: time spent using SNS, intensity of SNS use, and problematic SNS use. Sixty-two studies (N = 451, 229) met inclusion criteria. Depression symptoms were significantly, but weakly, associated with time spent using SNS (r = 0.11) and intensity of SNS use (r = 0.09). However, the association of depression symptoms to problematic SNS use was moderate (r = 0.29), was significantly higher than for time spent using SNS (Q = 35.85, p < 0.001) or intensity of SNS use (Q = 13.95, p < 0.001), and was not significantly moderated by age, gender, year of study publication, or mode of recruitment. These results suggest that future research examining causal models of the relation of SNS use and depression, as well as research on intervention and prevention, should focus in more detail on individuals who are engaging in a pattern of problematic SNS use.
社交网站（SNS）在全球拥有近 30 亿用户。然而，最近 SNS 因其可能与抑郁有关而受到媒体的审查。之前有两项荟萃分析未能发现 SNS 使用与抑郁症状之间存在稳健的同期关联的证据。然而，这些分析主要集中在使用 SNS 的时间上。目前的荟萃分析是第一个考虑 SNS 使用的多维性质的分析，并分别检查了三种类型的 SNS 研究中，SNS 使用与抑郁症状之间的定量关联，这些研究分别考察了 SNS 使用的三个不同构念：使用 SNS 的时间、SNS 使用的强度和有问题的 SNS 使用。有 62 项研究（N=451,229）符合纳入标准。抑郁症状与使用 SNS 的时间（r=0.11）和 SNS 使用强度（r=0.09）显著相关，但较弱。然而，抑郁症状与有问题的 SNS 使用的关联是中度的（r=0.29），明显高于使用 SNS 的时间（Q=35.85，p<0.001）或 SNS 使用强度（Q=13.95，p<0.001），并且与年龄、性别、研究发表年份或招募方式无关。这些结果表明，未来研究应更详细地研究 SNS 使用与抑郁之间的因果关系模型，以及干预和预防研究，应更详细地研究那些有问题的 SNS 使用模式的个体。
