Karoly Hollis C, Mueller Raeghan L, Andrade Chrysta C, Hutchison Kent E
Institute for Cognitive Science, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States.
Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
Front Psychiatry. 2020 Dec 21;11:613243. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.613243. eCollection 2020.
Cannabis is commonly used among people who drink alcohol, but findings are mixed regarding the direction of this relationship. The type of cannabis used [high-cannabidiol (CBD) vs. high-delta-9tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)] and motives for use (i.e., whether cannabis is used to treat a medical condition) may influence the relationship between cannabis and drinking. Specifically, CBD has shown preclinical promise in reducing alcohol consumption, and medical cannabis users report using cannabis to reduce drinking. This study leverages survey data from cannabis users who drink alcohol ( = 533). Respondents were categorized as using cannabis to treat (CTT) a medical condition or as individuals whose cannabis use is not intended to treat (NCTT) a medical condition and grouped based on the THC/CBD ratio of the flower or edible cannabis they typically use (e.g., "High-THC/CBD," "Medium-THC/CBD" and "Low-THC/CBD"). The CTT group ( = 412) reported drinking significantly less frequently than the NCTT group ( = 121). Cannabinoid content of flower cannabis was associated with alcohol consumed on cannabis-use days, such that individuals in the High-THC/CBD group drink more on cannabis-use days compared to the Medium-THC/CBD group. Cannabinoid content of edible cannabis was associated with drinks per drinking occasion, such that the High-THC/CBD group consumed the most drinks and the Low-THC/CBD group consumed the fewest. For both edible and flower groupings, higher-THC/CBD cannabis was associated with more frequent co-use than lower-THC/CBD cannabis. Results suggest that whether someone uses cannabis to treat a medical condition may impact their drinking frequency, and the cannabinoid content in flower and edible cannabis impacts alcohol consumption.
大麻在饮酒者中很常用，但关于这种关系的走向研究结果不一。所使用的大麻类型（高大麻二酚[CBD]与高三氢大麻酚[THC]）以及使用动机（即大麻是否用于治疗疾病）可能会影响大麻与饮酒之间的关系。具体而言，CBD在临床前研究中已显示出减少酒精摄入量的前景，而且医用大麻使用者报告称使用大麻是为了减少饮酒。本研究利用了来自饮酒的大麻使用者（=533）的调查数据。受访者被分类为使用大麻治疗（CTT）某种疾病的人或其使用大麻并非用于治疗（NCTT）某种疾病的人，并根据他们通常使用的花卉大麻或可食用大麻的THC/CBD比例进行分组（例如，“高THC/CBD”、“中THC/CBD”和“低THC/CBD”）。CTT组（=412）报告的饮酒频率明显低于NCTT组（=121）。花卉大麻的大麻素含量与大麻使用日的酒精摄入量有关，因此高THC/CBD组的人在大麻使用日比中THC/CBD组的人饮酒更多。可食用大麻的大麻素含量与每次饮酒场合的饮酒量有关，因此高THC/CBD组饮用的酒最多，低THC/CBD组饮用的酒最少。对于可食用大麻和花卉大麻分组，THC/CBD比例较高的大麻与比THC/CBD比例较低的大麻更频繁的共同使用有关。结果表明，某人是否使用大麻治疗疾病可能会影响其饮酒频率，并且花卉大麻和可食用大麻中的大麻素含量会影响酒精消费。
