Setzer William N, Duong Lam, Poudel Ambika, Mentreddy Srinivasa Rao
Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA.
Foods. 2021 Jan 21;10(2):212. doi: 10.3390/foods10020212.
Turmeric ( L.) is an important spice, particularly is Asian cuisine, and is also used in traditional herbal medicine. Curcuminoids are the main bioactive agents in turmeric, but turmeric essential oils also contain health benefits. Turmeric is a tropical crop and is cultivated in warm humid environments worldwide. The southeastern United States also possesses a warm humid climate with a growing demand for locally sourced herbs and spices. In this study, five different varieties of were cultivated in north Alabama, the rhizome essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation, and the essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatographic techniques. The major components in the essential oils were α-phellandrene (3.7-11.8%), 1,8-cineole (2.6-11.7%), α-zingiberene (0.8-12.5%), β-sesquiphellandrene (0.7-8.0%), -turmerone (6.8-32.5%), α-turmerone (13.6-31.5%), and β-turmerone (4.8-18.4%). The essential oil yields and chemical profiles of several of the varieties are comparable with those from tropical regions, suggesting that these should be considered for cultivation and commercialization in the southeastern United States.
姜黄（L.）是一种重要的香料，在亚洲菜肴中尤为常见，同时也用于传统草药。姜黄素类化合物是姜黄中的主要生物活性成分，但姜黄精油也具有健康益处。姜黄是一种热带作物，在全球温暖潮湿的环境中种植。美国东南部气候温暖潮湿，对本地种植的草药和香料的需求不断增长。在本研究中，在阿拉巴马州北部种植了五个不同品种的姜黄，通过水蒸馏法获得根茎精油，并采用气相色谱技术对精油进行分析。精油中的主要成分包括α-水芹烯（3.7-11.8%）、1,8-桉叶素（2.6-11.7%）、α-姜烯（0.8-12.5%）、β-倍半水芹烯（0.7-8.0%）、-姜黄酮（6.8-32.5%）、α-姜黄酮（13.6-31.5%）和β-姜黄酮（4.8-18.4%）。其中几个品种的精油产量和化学组成与热带地区的相当，这表明在美国东南部应考虑对其进行种植和商业化。
