Trancossi Michele, Carli Consuelo, Cannistraro Giuseppe, Pascoa Jose, Sharma Shivesh
IIS Galvani, Milano, Italy.
Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal.
Int J Heat Mass Transf. 2021 May;170:120983. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2021.120983. Epub 2021 Jan 19.
We are living an extraordinary season of uncertainty and danger, which is caused by SARS-Cov-2 infection and consequent COVID-19 infection. This preliminary study comes from both a mix of entrepreneurial experience and scientific research. It is aimed by the exigency to reach a new and more effective analysis of the risks on the filed and to reduce them inside a necessary cooperation process which may regard both research and some of the economic activities which are damaged by passive protection measures such as indiscriminate lockdowns. This global emergency requires specific efforts by any discipline that regards specific problems which need to be solved urgently. The characteristic airborne diffusion patterns of COVID-19 shows that the airborne presence of viruses depends on multiple factors which include the dimension of microdroplets emitted by a contagious person, the atmospheric temperature and humidity, the presence of atmospheric particulate and pollution, which may act as a transport vehicle for the virus. The pandemic diffusion shows a particular correlation with the air quality and levels of atmospheric pollution. Specific problems need to solved to understand better the virus, its reliability, diffusion, replication, how it attacks the persons and the conditions, which drives to both positive and deadly evolution of the illness. Most of these problems may benefit from the contribution from both heat and mass transfer and the unsteady thermodynamics of living systems which evolves according to constructal law. After the bibliographic research on the virus, emissive and spread modes, and consequent today adopted protection, a detailed analysis of the contributions which may be assessed by research in thermodynamics, heat and mass transfer, technical and chemical physics. Some possible areas of research have been identified and discussed to start an effective mobilization which may support the effort of the research toward a significant reduction of the impacts of the pandemic infection and the economic risks of new generalized lockdowns.
我们正生活在一个充满不确定性和危险的特殊时期，这是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染以及随之而来的冠状病毒病（COVID-19）感染所致。这项初步研究源于创业经验与科学研究的结合。其目的是迫切需要对该领域的风险进行新的、更有效的分析，并在一个必要的合作过程中降低这些风险，这个合作过程可能涉及研究以及一些因诸如不加区分的封锁等被动保护措施而受损的经济活动。这种全球紧急情况需要任何涉及亟待解决的特定问题的学科做出具体努力。COVID-19独特的空气传播模式表明，病毒在空气中的存在取决于多种因素，包括感染者呼出的微滴大小、大气温度和湿度、大气颗粒物和污染的存在，这些因素可能充当病毒的传播载体。疫情传播与空气质量和大气污染水平呈现出特定的相关性。需要解决一些特定问题，以便更好地了解病毒、其可靠性、传播、复制、如何攻击人体以及导致疾病产生积极和致命演变的条件。这些问题中的大多数可能受益于传热传质以及根据构形定律演化的生命系统非稳态热力学的贡献。在对病毒及其传播模式以及当前所采用的防护措施进行文献研究之后，对热力学、传热传质、技术和化学物理研究可能做出的贡献进行了详细分析。已经确定并讨论了一些可能开展研究的领域，以启动有效的行动，这可能有助于研究工作大幅减少疫情感染的影响以及新的全面封锁带来的经济风险。
