Gong Chen, Yang Liqi, Liu Kangkang, Shen Shichun, Zhang Qixing, Li Han, Cheng Yan
Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland).
Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland).
Med Sci Monit. 2021 Feb 5;27:e928467. doi: 10.12659/MSM.928467.
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effects on the gut microbiome of 40 infants delivered before term by cesarean section between antibiotic treatment and probiotics as assessed by 16S rRNA quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) sequencing. MATERIAL AND METHODS We divided 40 premature infants delivered by cesarean section into 4 groups according to exposure to antibiotics or probiotics: N group (No-probiotics and No-antibiotics), A group (antibiotics), P group (probiotics), and the AP group (antibiotics+probiotics). Fecal samples were collected on days 1, 3, and 10, and the microflora data were generated using 16S rRNA qPCR sequencing technology. The BugBase tool was used for phenotype prediction, the Tax4Fun tool was used for function prediction, and iPath software was used to predict the metabolic pathways of intestinal bacteria. RESULTS Antibiotics increased the abundance of pathogenic bacteria and reduced the replication and repair function (P=0.049), nucleotide metabolism function (P=0.047), and the purine metabolism pathways (P<0.05) of the gut microbiota. Probiotics increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria and the cellular community prokaryote function (P=0.042) and contributed to the Bifidobacteria biofilm formation. Probiotics alleviated the damage of antibiotics to the composition and function of the gut microbiota. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this study showed that antibiotic treatment of preterm infants born by cesarean section changed the gut microbiome, but that the use of probiotics could restore the normal microbiome, which supports that restoration of the normal gut microbiota may be achieved with probiotics.
背景 本研究旨在通过16S rRNA定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）测序，评估抗生素治疗和益生菌对40例剖宫产早产婴儿肠道微生物群的影响。
材料与方法 我们将40例剖宫产早产婴儿根据是否接触抗生素或益生菌分为4组：N组（无益生菌和无抗生素）、A组（抗生素）、P组（益生菌）和AP组（抗生素+益生菌）。在第1、3和10天收集粪便样本，并使用16S rRNA qPCR测序技术生成微生物群落数据。使用BugBase工具进行表型预测，使用Tax4Fun工具进行功能预测，使用iPath软件预测肠道细菌的代谢途径。
结果 抗生素增加了病原菌的丰度，降低了肠道微生物群的复制和修复功能（P=0.049）、核苷酸代谢功能（P=0.047）和嘌呤代谢途径（P<0.05）。益生菌增加了有益菌的丰度和细胞群落原核生物功能（P=0.042），并促进了双歧杆菌生物膜的形成。益生菌减轻了抗生素对肠道微生物群组成和功能的损害。
结论 本研究结果表明，剖宫产早产婴儿使用抗生素治疗会改变肠道微生物群，但使用益生菌可以恢复正常微生物群，这支持了益生菌可能实现恢复正常肠道微生物群的观点。
