Graça Mariana F P, de Melo-Diogo Duarte, Correia Ilídio J, Moreira André F
CICS-UBI-Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilha, Portugal.
CIEPQPF-Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Silvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal.
Pharmaceutics. 2021 Jan 30;13(2):183. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020183.
Despite all the efforts that have been done up to now, the currently available wound dressings are still unable to fully re-establish all the structural and functional properties of the native skin. To overcome this situation, researchers from the tissue engineering area have been developing new wound dressings (hydrogels, films, sponges, membranes) aiming to mimic all the features of native skin. Among them, asymmetric membranes emerged as a promising solution since they reproduce both epidermal and dermal skin layers. Wet or dry/wet phase inversion, scCO-assisted phase inversion, and electrospinning have been the most used techniques to produce such a type of membranes. Among them, the electrospinning technique, due to its versatility, allows the development of multifunctional dressings, using natural and/or synthetic polymers, which resemble the extracellular matrix of native skin as well as address the specific requirements of each skin layer. Moreover, various therapeutic or antimicrobial agents have been loaded within nanofibers to further improve the wound healing performance of these membranes. This review article provides an overview of the application of asymmetric electrospun membranes as wound dressings displaying antibacterial activity and as delivery systems of biomolecules that act as wound healing enhancers.
尽管到目前为止已经付出了所有努力，但目前可用的伤口敷料仍无法完全重建天然皮肤的所有结构和功能特性。为了克服这种情况，组织工程领域的研究人员一直在开发新型伤口敷料（水凝胶、薄膜、海绵、膜），旨在模仿天然皮肤的所有特征。其中，不对称膜作为一种有前景的解决方案出现，因为它们能够重现表皮和真皮层。湿相或干/湿相转化、超临界二氧化碳辅助相转化和静电纺丝是生产此类膜最常用的技术。其中，静电纺丝技术由于其多功能性，允许使用天然和/或合成聚合物开发多功能敷料，这些聚合物类似于天然皮肤的细胞外基质，并满足每个皮肤层的特定要求。此外，各种治疗或抗菌剂已被负载到纳米纤维中，以进一步提高这些膜的伤口愈合性能。这篇综述文章概述了不对称电纺膜作为具有抗菌活性的伤口敷料以及作为充当伤口愈合增强剂的生物分子递送系统的应用。
