Vigneswari Sevakumaran, Amelia Tan Suet May, Hazwan Mohamad Hazari, Mouriya Govindan Kothandaraman, Bhubalan Kesaven, Amirul Al-Ashraf Abdullah, Ramakrishna Seeram
Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Tereng-ganu, Malaysia.
Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2021 Feb 24;10(3):229. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10030229.
Nanobiotechnology has undoubtedly influenced major breakthroughs in medical sciences. Application of nanosized materials has made it possible for researchers to investigate a broad spectrum of treatments for diseases with minimally invasive procedures. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been a subject of investigation for numerous applications in agriculture, water treatment, biosensors, textiles, and the food industry as well as in the medical field, mainly due to their antimicrobial properties and nanoparticle nature. In general, AgNPs are known for their superior physical, chemical, and biological properties. The properties of AgNPs differ based on their methods of synthesis and to date, the biological method has been preferred because it is rapid, nontoxic, and can produce well-defined size and morphology under optimized conditions. Nevertheless, the common issue concerning biological or biobased production is its sustainability. Researchers have employed various strategies in addressing this shortcoming, such as recently testing agricultural biowastes such as fruit peels for the synthesis of AgNPs. The use of biowastes is definitely cost-effective and eco-friendly; moreover, it has been reported that the reduction process is simple and rapid with reasonably high yield. This review aims to address the developments in using fruit- and vegetable-based biowastes for biologically producing AgNPs to be applied as antimicrobial coatings in biomedical applications.
纳米生物技术无疑推动了医学领域的重大突破。纳米材料的应用使研究人员能够通过微创程序研究多种疾病的治疗方法。银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）由于其抗菌特性和纳米颗粒性质，已成为农业、水处理、生物传感器、纺织品、食品工业以及医学领域众多应用的研究对象。一般来说，AgNPs以其卓越的物理、化学和生物学特性而闻名。AgNPs的特性因其合成方法而异，迄今为止，生物方法更受青睐，因为它快速、无毒，并且在优化条件下可以产生明确的尺寸和形态。然而，关于生物或生物基生产的常见问题是其可持续性。研究人员采用了各种策略来解决这一缺点，例如最近测试使用果皮等农业生物废弃物来合成AgNPs。使用生物废弃物肯定具有成本效益且环保；此外，据报道，还原过程简单快速，产量相当高。本综述旨在探讨利用基于水果和蔬菜的生物废弃物生物制备AgNPs并将其用作生物医学应用中的抗菌涂层的进展。
