Horticulture Department, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 210038, People's Republic of China.
Lianyungang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222000, People's Republic of China.
Sci Rep. 2021 Mar 11;11(1):5761. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-84284-9.
Beach plum (Prunus maritima) is an ornamental plant, famous for its strong salt and drought stress tolerance. However, the poor growth rate of transplanted seedlings has seriously restricted its application in salinized soil. This study investigated the effects of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF), Funneliformis mosseae, and phosphate-solubilizing fungus (PSF), Apophysomyces spartima, on the growth, nutrient (N, P, and K) uptake, and photosynthesis of beach plum under saline (170 mM NaCl) and non-saline (0 mM NaCl) conditions. We aimed to find measures to increase the growth rate of beach plum in saline-alkali land and to understand the reasons for this increase. The results showed that salinization adversely affected colonization by AMF but positively increased PSF populations (increased by 33.9-93.3% over non-NaCl treatment). The dual application of AMF and PSF mitigated the effects of salt stress on all growth parameters and nutrient uptake, significantly for roots (dry weight and P and N contents increased by 91.0%, 68.9%, and 40%, respectively, over non-NaCl treatment). Salinization caused significant reductions in net photosynthetic rate (P), stomatal conductance (G), transpiration rate (E), and intercellular CO concentration (C) value, while inoculation with AMF and PSF inoculations significantly abated such reductions. The maximum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) (F/F), the photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), and the nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) values were affected little by inoculation with AMF, PSF, or both under non-NaCl treatments. However, plants inoculated with AMF and/or PSF had higher F/F, qP, and Ф values (increased by 72.5-188.1%) than the control under NaCl treatment, but not a higher NPQ value. We concluded that inoculation with AMF or PSF increased nutrient uptake and improved the gas-exchange and Chl fluorescence parameters of beach plum under salt stress environment. These effects could be strengthened by the combination of AMF and PSF, especially for nutrient uptake, root growth, and P, thereby alleviating the deleterious effects of NaCl stress on beach plum growth.
滨梅（Prunus maritima）是一种观赏植物，以其较强的耐盐和耐旱性而闻名。然而，移栽苗生长缓慢严重限制了其在盐渍土中的应用。本研究调查了接种丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）摩西管柄囊霉和溶磷真菌（PSF）节丛孢菌对滨梅在盐（170mM NaCl）和非盐（0mM NaCl）条件下生长、养分（N、P 和 K）吸收和光合作用的影响。我们旨在寻找增加滨梅在盐碱地生长速度的措施，并了解这种增加的原因。结果表明，盐化处理会对 AMF 的定殖产生不利影响，但会增加 PSF 的种群（比非 NaCl 处理增加 33.9-93.3%）。AMF 和 PSF 的双重应用缓解了盐胁迫对所有生长参数和养分吸收的影响，对根系的影响最为显著（与非 NaCl 处理相比，干重和 P、N 含量分别增加 91.0%、68.9%和 40%）。盐化处理显著降低了净光合速率（P）、气孔导度（G）、蒸腾速率（E）和胞间 CO 浓度（C）值，而接种 AMF 和 PSF 显著减轻了这种降低。在非 NaCl 处理下，接种 AMF、PSF 或两者都对接种对 PSII 最大效率（F/F）、光化学猝灭系数（qP）和非光化学猝灭（NPQ）值的影响很小。然而，在 NaCl 处理下，接种 AMF 和/或 PSF 的植株的 F/F、qP 和 Ф 值比对照（增加 72.5-188.1%）更高，但 NPQ 值没有更高。我们得出结论，在盐胁迫环境下，接种 AMF 或 PSF 可以增加滨梅的养分吸收，改善气体交换和 Chl 荧光参数。AMF 和 PSF 的组合可以增强这些效果，特别是在养分吸收、根系生长和 P 方面，从而缓解 NaCl 胁迫对滨梅生长的有害影响。
