Do E-cigarettes and vaping have a lower risk of osteoporosis, nonunion, and infection than tobacco smoking?
作者信息
Nicholson Thomas, Scott Aaron, Newton Ede Matthew, Jones Simon W
机构信息
MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Medical School, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Birmingham Acute Care Research Group Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
出版信息
Bone Joint Res. 2021 Mar;10(3):188-191. doi: 10.1302/2046-3758.103.BJR-2020-0327.R1.
Abstract
摘要
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Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Dec 9;20(24):6211. doi: 10.3390/ijms20246211.
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Tobacco and bone fractures: A review of the facts and issues that every orthopaedic surgeon should know.烟草与骨折：每位骨科医生都应了解的事实与问题综述
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Molecules. 2019 Apr 12;24(8):1459. doi: 10.3390/molecules24081459.
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