Alshehri Bader
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Apr;28(4):2408-2422. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.039. Epub 2021 Feb 1.
Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) critically regulate several major intracellular and metabolic activities, including cancer evolution. Currently, increasing evidence indicates that exosome harbor and transport these miRNAs from donor cells to neighboring and distantly related recipient cells, often in a cross-species manner. Several studies have reported that plant-based miRNAs can be absorbed into the serum of humans, where they hinder the expression of human disease-related genes. Moreover, few recent studies have demonstrated the role of these xenomiRs in cancer development and progression. However, the cross-kingdom gene regulation hypothesis remains highly debatable, and many follow up studies fail to reproduce the same. There are reports that show no effect of plant-derived miRNAs on mammalian cancers. The foremost cause of this controversy remains the lack of reproducibility of the results. Here, we reassess the latest developments in the field of cross-kingdom transference of miRNAs, emphasizing on the role of the diet-based xenomiRs on cancer progression.
外泌体微小RNA（miRNA）对包括癌症演变在内的多种主要细胞内和代谢活动起着关键调节作用。目前，越来越多的证据表明，外泌体携带这些miRNA并将其从供体细胞转运到邻近和远距离相关的受体细胞，通常是以跨物种的方式。多项研究报告称，植物来源的miRNA可以被吸收到人类血清中，在那里它们会阻碍人类疾病相关基因的表达。此外，最近的一些研究证明了这些异种miRNA在癌症发生和发展中的作用。然而，跨物种基因调控假说仍然存在很大争议，许多后续研究无法重复相同的结果。有报道显示植物来源的miRNA对哺乳动物癌症没有影响。这场争议的首要原因仍然是结果缺乏可重复性。在这里，我们重新评估miRNA跨物种转移领域的最新进展，重点关注饮食来源的异种miRNA对癌症进展的作用。
