Ratajczak Alicja Ewa, Zawada Agnieszka, Rychter Anna Maria, Dobrowolska Agnieszka, Krela-Kaźmierczak Iwona
Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland.
Nutrients. 2021 Apr 17;13(4):1329. doi: 10.3390/nu13041329.
Osteoporosis affects women twice as often as men. Additionally, it is estimated that 0.3 million and 1.7 million people have hip fractures in the USA and Europe, respectively. Having a proper peak bone mass and keeping it as long as possible is especially important for osteoporosis prevention. One of the most important calcium sources is milk and dairy products. Breast milk is the best infant food, but milk should not be avoided later in life to prevent losing bone mass. On the other hand, more and more people limit their milk consumption and consume other dairy or non-dairy products. For example, they are usually replaced with plant beverages, which should be consumed carefully in several age groups. Additionally, an important element of milk and dairy products, as well as plant beverages, are probiotics and prebiotics, which may modulate bone turnover. Dietary recommendations focused on milk, and dairy products are an important element for the prevention of osteoporosis.
骨质疏松症在女性中的发病率是男性的两倍。此外，据估计，美国和欧洲分别有30万人和170万人发生髋部骨折。拥有适当的骨峰值并尽可能长时间保持它对于预防骨质疏松症尤为重要。最重要的钙源之一是牛奶和奶制品。母乳是最佳的婴儿食品，但在生命后期不应为防止骨质流失而避免饮用牛奶。另一方面，越来越多的人限制牛奶消费，转而食用其他奶制品或非奶制品。例如，它们通常被植物饮料所替代，而在几个年龄组中饮用植物饮料时应谨慎。此外，牛奶和奶制品以及植物饮料的一个重要成分是益生菌和益生元，它们可能调节骨转换。以牛奶和奶制品为重点的饮食建议是预防骨质疏松症的重要因素。
