School of Economics and Business Administration, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
Sci Rep. 2021 Apr 30;11(1):9358. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-88736-0.
Designing inter-regional and inter-provincial responsibility-sharing mechanisms for climate change mitigation requires the knowledge of carbon distributions. This study is the first to use a two-sector (i.e., productive and household sectors) inequality decomposition approach to examine the regional, provincial, and national inequalities of per capita CO emissions (CPC) in China, as well as their determinants. We show that the CPC inequality index in China increased from 1.1364 in 2000 to 2.3688 in 2017, with the productive sector accounting for 91.42% of this expansion and households responsible for the rest. The production-side per capita output level, energy efficiency, energy structure, and industrial structure explain 69.01%, 12.81%, 5.57%, and 4.03% of these inequalities, respectively. Further, the household per capita energy consumption and energy structure explain only 8.12% and 0.46%, respectively. Therefore, future responsibility-sharing mechanisms for climate mitigation need to be formulated taking mainly the productive sector into account.
设计应对气候变化的跨区域和省际责任分担机制需要了解碳排放量的分布情况。本研究首次采用两部门（生产部门和家庭部门）不平等分解方法，考察了中国人均 CO2 排放量（CPC）的区域、省份和国家不平等及其决定因素。结果表明，中国的 CPC 不平等指数从 2000 年的 1.1364 增加到 2017 年的 2.3688，其中生产部门贡献了 91.42%，家庭部门贡献了其余部分。生产侧人均产出水平、能源效率、能源结构和产业结构分别解释了 69.01%、12.81%、5.57%和 4.03%的不平等。此外，家庭人均能源消费和能源结构仅分别解释了 8.12%和 0.46%。因此，未来的气候减缓责任分担机制需要主要考虑生产部门来制定。
