Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027.
Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 May 18;118(20). doi: 10.1073/pnas.2022659118.
Responsive neurostimulation is increasingly required to probe neural circuit function and treat neuropsychiatric disorders. We introduce a multiplex-then-amplify (MTA) scheme that, in contrast to current approaches (which necessitate an equal number of amplifiers as number of channels), only requires one amplifier per multiplexer, significantly reducing the number of components and the size of electronics in multichannel acquisition systems. It also enables simultaneous stimulation of arbitrary waveforms on multiple independent channels. We validated the function of MTA by developing a fully implantable, responsive embedded system that merges the ability to acquire individual neural action potentials using conformable conducting polymer-based electrodes with real-time onboard processing, low-latency arbitrary waveform stimulation, and local data storage within a miniaturized physical footprint. We verified established responsive neurostimulation protocols and developed a network intervention to suppress pathological coupling between the hippocampus and cortex during interictal epileptiform discharges. The MTA design enables effective, self-contained, chronic neural network manipulation with translational relevance to the treatment of neuropsychiatric disease.
响应式神经刺激技术越来越多地被用于探测神经回路功能和治疗神经精神疾病。我们提出了一种多路复用-然后-放大（MTA）方案，与当前的方法（需要与通道数量相等的放大器数量）相比，该方案每个多路复用器仅需要一个放大器，显著减少了组件数量和多通道采集系统的电子设备尺寸。它还能够同时对多个独立通道上的任意波形进行刺激。我们通过开发一种完全可植入的响应式嵌入式系统来验证 MTA 的功能，该系统融合了使用顺应性导电聚合物电极获取单个神经动作电位的能力，以及实时板载处理、低延迟任意波形刺激和小型化物理足迹内的本地数据存储。我们验证了既定的响应式神经刺激方案，并开发了一种网络干预措施，以在癫痫样放电期间抑制海马体和皮质之间的病理性耦合。MTA 设计实现了有效的、自包含的慢性神经网络操作，具有转化为神经精神疾病治疗的应用潜力。
