Biochemistry Department, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Biochemistry Department, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research Programme Chemical Biology, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Trends Cell Biol. 2021 Oct;31(10):856-868. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2021.04.005. Epub 2021 May 10.
Endosomal protein complex required for transport-III (ESCRT-III) polymers are involved in many crucial cellular functions, from cell division to endosome-lysosome dynamics. As a eukaryotic membrane remodeling machinery, ESCRT-III is unique in its ability to catalyze fission of membrane necks from their luminal side and to participate in membrane remodeling processes of essentially all cellular organelles. Found in Archaea, it is also the most evolutionary ancient membrane remodeling machinery. The simple protein structure shared by all of its subunits assembles into a large variety of filament shapes, limiting our understanding of how these filaments achieve membrane remodeling. Here, we review recent findings that discovered unpredicted properties of ESCRT-III polymers, which enable us to define general principles of the mechanism by which ESCRT-III filaments remodel membranes.
内体蛋白复合物运输 III（ESCRT-III）聚合物参与许多关键的细胞功能，从细胞分裂到内体-溶酶体动力学。作为真核生物膜重塑机制，ESCRT-III 的独特之处在于它能够从腔侧催化膜颈部的分裂，并参与基本上所有细胞细胞器的膜重塑过程。在古菌中发现，它也是最古老的膜重塑机制。所有亚基共享的简单蛋白结构组装成多种纤维形状，这限制了我们对这些纤维如何实现膜重塑的理解。在这里，我们回顾了最近发现的 ESCRT-III 聚合物的意外性质，这些发现使我们能够定义 ESCRT-III 纤维重塑膜的机制的一般原则。
