Sun Yifan, Dai Sheng
Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
Department of Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Sci Adv. 2021 May 12;7(20). doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abg1600. Print 2021 May.
Entropy plays a pivotal role in catalysis, and extensive research efforts have been directed to understanding the enthalpy-entropy relationship that defines the reaction pathways of molecular species. On the other side, surface of the catalysts, entropic effects have been rarely investigated because of the difficulty in deciphering the increased complexities in multicomponent systems. Recent advances in high-entropy materials (HEMs) have triggered broad interests in exploring entropy-stabilized systems for catalysis, where the enhanced configurational entropy affords a virtually unlimited scope for tailoring the structures and properties of HEMs. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the discovery and design of HEMs for catalysis. The correlation between compositional and structural engineering and optimization of the catalytic behaviors is highlighted for high-entropy alloys, oxides, and beyond. Tuning composition and configuration of HEMs introduces untapped opportunities for accessing better catalysts and resolving issues that are considered challenging in conventional, simple systems.
熵在催化过程中起着关键作用，人们已投入大量研究工作来理解定义分子物种反应路径的焓-熵关系。另一方面，由于难以解读多组分体系中日益增加的复杂性，催化剂表面的熵效应很少被研究。高熵材料（HEMs）的最新进展引发了人们对探索用于催化的熵稳定体系的广泛兴趣，其中增强的组态熵为定制高熵材料的结构和性能提供了几乎无限的空间。在这篇综述中，我们总结了高熵材料用于催化的发现和设计方面的最新进展。重点介绍了高熵合金、氧化物等的组成和结构工程与催化行为优化之间的相关性。调节高熵材料的组成和构型为获得更好的催化剂以及解决传统简单体系中被认为具有挑战性的问题带来了尚未开发的机遇。
