Struminskaya Bella, Toepoel Vera, Lugtig Peter, Haan Marieke, Luiten Annemieke, Schouten Barry
Assistant professor in the Department of Methodology and Statistics at Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Professor in the Department of Methodology and Statistics at Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Public Opin Q. 2021 Feb 13;84(3):725-759. doi: 10.1093/poq/nfaa044. eCollection 2020 Fall.
The growing smartphone penetration and the integration of smartphones into people's everyday practices offer researchers opportunities to augment survey measurement with smartphone-sensor measurement or to replace self-reports. Potential benefits include lower measurement error, a widening of research questions, collection of data, and a lowered respondent burden. However, privacy considerations and other concerns may lead to nonparticipation. To date, little is known about the mechanisms of willingness to share sensor data by the general population, and no evidence is available concerning the stability of willingness. The present study focuses on survey respondents' willingness to share data collected using smartphone sensors (GPS, camera, and wearables) in a probability-based online panel of the general population of the Netherlands. A randomized experiment varied study sponsor, framing of the request, the emphasis on control over the data collection process, and assurance of privacy and confidentiality. Respondents were asked repeatedly about their willingness to share the data collected using smartphone sensors, with varying periods before the second request. Willingness to participate in sensor-based data collection varied by the type of sensor, study sponsor, order of the request, respondent's familiarity with the device, previous experience with participating in research involving smartphone sensors, and privacy concerns. Willingness increased when respondents were asked repeatedly and varied by sensor and task. The timing of the repeated request, one month or six months after the initial request, did not have a significant effect on willingness.
智能手机普及率的不断提高以及智能手机融入人们的日常行为，为研究人员提供了利用智能手机传感器测量来增强调查测量或取代自我报告的机会。潜在的好处包括降低测量误差、拓宽研究问题范围、收集数据以及减轻受访者负担。然而，隐私问题和其他担忧可能导致不参与。迄今为止，对于普通民众分享传感器数据的意愿机制知之甚少，而且也没有关于意愿稳定性的证据。本研究聚焦于荷兰普通民众概率抽样在线小组中调查受访者分享通过智能手机传感器（全球定位系统、摄像头和可穿戴设备）收集的数据的意愿。一项随机实验改变了研究赞助商、请求的框架、对数据收集过程控制的强调以及隐私和保密保证。受访者被反复询问他们分享通过智能手机传感器收集的数据的意愿，第二次请求之前的时间间隔各不相同。参与基于传感器的数据收集的意愿因传感器类型、研究赞助商、请求顺序、受访者对设备的熟悉程度、之前参与涉及智能手机传感器研究的经验以及隐私担忧而有所不同。当反复询问受访者时，意愿会增加，并且因传感器和任务而异。在初次请求后一个月或六个月进行反复请求的时间安排，对意愿没有显著影响。
