Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Department of Computational Biology for Individualised Medicine, Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture between the Hannover Medical School and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.
Front Immunol. 2021 Jun 11;12:668045. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.668045. eCollection 2021.
The immune system plays a vital role in health and disease, and is regulated through a complex interactive network of many different immune cells and mediators. To understand the complexity of the immune system, we propose to apply a multi-omics approach in immunological research. This review provides a complete overview of available methodological approaches for the different omics data layers relevant for immunological research, including genetics, epigenetics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and cellomics. Thereafter, we describe the various methods for data analysis as well as how to integrate different layers of omics data. Finally, we discuss the possible applications of multi-omics studies and opportunities they provide for understanding the complex regulatory networks as well as immune variation in various immune-related diseases.
免疫系统在健康和疾病中起着至关重要的作用，并且通过许多不同的免疫细胞和介质的复杂相互作用网络进行调节。为了了解免疫系统的复杂性，我们建议在免疫研究中应用多组学方法。本综述提供了适用于免疫研究相关的不同组学数据层（包括遗传学、表观遗传学、转录组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学和细胞组学）的现有方法学方法的全面概述。此后，我们描述了各种数据分析方法以及如何整合不同层次的组学数据。最后，我们讨论了多组学研究的可能应用及其为理解复杂调节网络以及各种免疫相关疾病中的免疫变异性提供的机会。
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