Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2021 Oct;29(10):1615-1624. doi: 10.1002/oby.23252. Epub 2021 Aug 31.
Obesity is associated with impaired gut microbiota diversity, which has been linked to the development of type 2 diabetes. This study aims to examine the effects of an 8-week aerobic exercise intervention on insulin sensitivity, visceral adiposity, and gut microbiota diversity and composition in participants with obesity.
Fourteen participants (mean [SD], age 51 [11] years; BMI 34.9 [4.9] kg/m ) performed an 8-week exercise intervention (2 to 4 times/week on 65% to 85% of heart rate reserve). Insulin sensitivity (hyperinsulemic euglycemic clamp), cardiorespiratory fitness (maximal oxygen uptake), visceral adiposity (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan) and gut microbiota composition (16S rRNA gene sequencing) were measured before and after the intervention.
Insulin sensitivity showed a significant increase (pre: 3.8 [1.9] mg/min/kg; post: 4.5 [1.7] mg/min/kg; p = 0.007) after training, whereas visceral adiposity decreased (pre: 959 [361] cm ; post: 897 [364] cm ; p = 0.02). No change in gut microbiota α- or β-diversity was found. At the genus level, the abundance of Ruminococcus gauvreauii (p = 0.02); Lachnospiraceae FCS020 group (p = 0.04), and Anaerostipes (p = 0.04) significantly increased after exercise training. Significant positive correlations were present for M-value (R. gauvreauii) and VO max (R. gauvreauii and Anaerostipes).
Eight-week exercise training in humans with obesity leads to marked improvements in insulin sensitivity and body composition and is accompanied by modest changes in 3 gut microbiome genera, all belonging to the Firmicutes phylum.
肥胖与肠道微生物多样性受损有关，而肠道微生物多样性已与 2 型糖尿病的发生相关联。本研究旨在探究 8 周有氧运动干预对肥胖患者胰岛素敏感性、内脏脂肪和肠道微生物多样性及组成的影响。
14 名参与者（平均[标准差]年龄 51[11]岁；BMI 34.9[4.9]kg/m²）进行了 8 周的运动干预（每周 2 至 4 次，运动强度为心率储备的 65%至 85%）。干预前后测量了胰岛素敏感性（高胰岛素正葡萄糖钳夹）、心肺功能（最大摄氧量）、内脏脂肪（双能 X 射线吸收法扫描）和肠道微生物组成（16S rRNA 基因测序）。
胰岛素敏感性在训练后显著增加（干预前：3.8[1.9]mg/min/kg；干预后：4.5[1.7]mg/min/kg；p=0.007），而内脏脂肪减少（干预前：959[361]cm；干预后：897[364]cm；p=0.02）。肠道微生物 α-或β多样性没有变化。在属水平上，Ruminococcus gauvreauii（p=0.02）、Lachnospiraceae FCS020 组（p=0.04）和 Anaerostipes（p=0.04）的丰度在运动训练后显著增加。M 值（R. gauvreauii）和 VO max（R. gauvreauii 和 Anaerostipes）之间存在显著的正相关。
肥胖人群进行 8 周的运动训练可显著改善胰岛素敏感性和身体成分，同时肠道微生物群落的 3 个属（均属于厚壁菌门）发生适度变化。
