MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021 Sep 3;70(35):1195-1200. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7035a3.
To prevent transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, colleges and universities have implemented multiple strategies including testing, isolation, quarantine, contact tracing, masking, and vaccination. In April 2021, the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) was notified of a large cluster of students with COVID-19 at an urban university after spring break. A total of 158 cases of COVID-19 were diagnosed among undergraduate students during March 15-May 3, 2021; the majority (114; 72.2%) lived in on-campus dormitories. CDPH evaluated the role of travel and social connections, as well as the potential impact of SARS-CoV-2 variants, on transmission. Among 140 infected students who were interviewed, 89 (63.6%) reported recent travel outside Chicago during spring break, and 57 (40.7%) reported indoor social exposures. At the time of the outbreak, undergraduate-aged persons were largely ineligible for vaccination in Chicago; only three of the students with COVID-19 (1.9%) were fully vaccinated. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of 104 specimens revealed multiple distinct SARS-CoV-2 lineages, suggesting several nearly simultaneous introductions. Most specimens (66; 63.5%) were B.1.1.222, a lineage not widely detected in Chicago before or after this outbreak. These results demonstrate the potential for COVID-19 outbreaks on university campuses after widespread student travel during breaks, at the beginning of new school terms, and when students participate in indoor social gatherings. To prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission, colleges and universities should encourage COVID-19 vaccination; discourage unvaccinated students from travel, including during university breaks; implement serial COVID-19 screening among unvaccinated persons after university breaks; encourage masking; and implement universal serial testing for students based on community transmission levels.
为了防止 SARS-CoV-2 的传播，这种病毒会导致 COVID-19，高校已经实施了多种策略，包括测试、隔离、检疫、接触者追踪、掩蔽和疫苗接种。2021 年 4 月，芝加哥公共卫生部 (CDPH) 在春假后接到通知，一所城市大学发生了大量学生感染 COVID-19 的病例。2021 年 3 月 15 日至 5 月 3 日期间，共有 158 例大学生确诊 COVID-19；大多数（114 例；72.2%）住在校内宿舍。CDPH 评估了旅行和社会联系的作用，以及 SARS-CoV-2 变体对传播的潜在影响。在接受采访的 140 名感染学生中，89 名（63.6%）报告在春假期间有最近前往芝加哥以外的旅行，57 名（40.7%）报告有室内社交接触。在疫情爆发时，芝加哥的本科生接种疫苗的资格很低；在感染 COVID-19 的学生中，只有 3 人（1.9%）完全接种了疫苗。对 104 个样本进行的全基因组测序 (WGS) 显示，有多种不同的 SARS-CoV-2 谱系，表明有几个几乎同时的引入。大多数样本（66 例；63.5%）是 B.1.1.222，这是一种在该疫情爆发前后在芝加哥未广泛检测到的谱系。这些结果表明，在学生广泛旅行后、新学期开始时以及学生参加室内社交聚会时，大学校园可能会爆发 COVID-19。为了防止 SARS-CoV-2 的传播，高校应鼓励 COVID-19 疫苗接种；劝阻未接种疫苗的学生旅行，包括大学假期期间；在大学假期后，对未接种疫苗的人进行定期 COVID-19 筛查；鼓励掩蔽；并根据社区传播水平对学生进行普遍的连续测试。
