Engels Johannes M M, Ebert Andreas W
Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, 00153 Rome, Italy.
World Vegetable Center, 60 Yi-Min Liao, Tainan 74151, Taiwan.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Sep 14;10(9):1904. doi: 10.3390/plants10091904.
In this paper, we review gene bank operations that have an influence on the global conservation system, with the intention to identify critical aspects that should be improved for optimum performance. We describe the role of active and base collections and the importance of linking germplasm conservation and use, also in view of new developments in genomics and phenomics that facilitate more effective and efficient conservation and use of plant agrobiodiversity. Strengths, limitations, and opportunities of the existing global ex situ conservation system are discussed, and measures are proposed to achieve a rational, more effective, and efficient global system for germplasm conservation and sustainable use. The proposed measures include filling genetic and geographic gaps in current ex situ collections; determining unique accessions at the global level for long-term conservation in virtual base collections; intensifying existing international collaborations among gene banks and forging collaborations with the botanic gardens community; increasing investment in conservation research and user-oriented supportive research; improved accession-level description of the genetic diversity of crop collections; improvements of the legal and policy framework; and oversight of the proposed network of global base collections.
在本文中，我们回顾了对全球保护系统有影响的基因库运作，旨在确定为实现最佳性能而应改进的关键方面。我们描述了活跃种质库和基础种质库的作用，以及将种质保存与利用联系起来的重要性，同时也考虑到基因组学和表型组学的新发展，这些发展有助于更有效和高效地保护和利用植物农业生物多样性。讨论了现有全球迁地保护系统的优势、局限性和机遇，并提出了实现一个合理、更有效和高效的全球种质保护及可持续利用系统的措施。提议的措施包括填补当前迁地收集品中的遗传和地理空白；在全球层面确定独特的种质用于在虚拟基础种质库中长期保存；加强基因库之间现有的国际合作，并与植物园界建立合作；增加对保护研究和以用户为导向的支持性研究的投资；改进作物收集品遗传多样性的种质水平描述；完善法律和政策框架；以及对提议的全球基础种质库网络进行监督。
