Lux Andrei Alexander, Grover Steven Lee, Teo Stephen Tai Theng
School of Business and Law, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.
Department of Management, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Front Psychol. 2021 Sep 30;12:551623. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.551623. eCollection 2021.
This paper introduces a new scale to measure cognitive cultural differences, drawing on the theory of analytic versus holistic thought. Examining culture from a cognitive perspective is a challenge to traditional values-based approaches. Existing measures based on this framework are methodologically problematic and warrant renewal. This paper presents development and validation studies for a new instrument that measures analytic versus holistic cognitive tendencies at the individual level. The scale assesses four previously established dimensions: attention, causality, contradiction, and change. The present work follows well-established scale development protocols and the results show that the 16-item Holistic Cognition Scale (HCS) is a valid and reliable measure of analytic versus holistic thought. Three new studies with four unique samples ( = 41; 272; 454; and 454) provide evidence to support the content validity, reliability, and factor structure of the new instrument, as well as its convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity against comparable constructs. Convergent validity is established against measures of compromise, intuition, complexity, and collectivism; predictive validity is established against Hofstede's (1980) five cultural value dimensions; and discriminant validity is established using the average variance extracted from a confirmatory factor analysis. The new HCS is an improvement over previous attempts with a balanced number of forward- and reverse-scored items, superior reliability, less redundancy, and stronger factor loadings.
本文引入一种新的量表来衡量认知文化差异，该量表借鉴了分析性思维与整体性思维理论。从认知角度审视文化对传统的基于价值观的方法构成了挑战。基于这一框架的现有测量方法在方法论上存在问题，需要更新。本文介绍了一种新工具的开发和验证研究，该工具可在个体层面测量分析性与整体性认知倾向。该量表评估四个先前确定的维度：注意力、因果关系、矛盾和变化。本研究遵循成熟的量表开发方案，结果表明，16 项整体认知量表（HCS）是一种有效且可靠的分析性与整体性思维测量工具。三项针对四个独特样本（n = 41；272；454；和 454）的新研究提供了证据，支持新工具的内容效度、信度和因子结构，以及其与可比构念的收敛效度、区分效度和同时效度。与妥协、直觉、复杂性和集体主义的测量方法建立了收敛效度；与霍夫斯泰德（1980）的五个文化价值维度建立了预测效度；使用从验证性因子分析中提取的平均方差建立了区分效度。新的 HCS 比之前的尝试有所改进，其正向计分和反向计分项目数量均衡、信度更高、冗余度更低且因子载荷更强。
