Herrera-Pariente Cristina, Montori Sheyla, Llach Joan, Bofill Alex, Albeniz Eduardo, Moreira Leticia
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Gastroenterology Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
UPNA, IdiSNA, Navarrabiomed Biomedical Research Center, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Research Unit, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
Biomedicines. 2021 Oct 12;9(10):1448. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9101448.
Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with a bad prognosis associated with late-stage diagnosis, significantly decreasing the overall survival. This highlights the importance of early detection to improve the clinical course of these patients. Although screening programs, based on endoscopic or radiologic approaches, have been useful in countries with high incidence, they are not cost-effective in low-incidence populations as a massive screening strategy. Additionally, current biomarkers used in daily routine are not specific and sensitive enough, and most of them are obtained invasively. Thus, it is imperative to discover new noninvasive biomarkers able to diagnose early-stage gastric cancer. In this context, liquid biopsy is a promising strategy. In this review, we briefly discuss some of the potential biomarkers for gastric cancer screening and diagnosis identified in blood, saliva, urine, stool, and gastric juice.
胃癌是全球最常见的癌症之一，晚期诊断往往预后不良，显著降低总生存率。这凸显了早期检测对于改善这些患者临床病程的重要性。尽管基于内镜或放射学方法的筛查项目在高发病率国家已发挥作用，但作为大规模筛查策略，在低发病率人群中并不具有成本效益。此外，目前日常使用的生物标志物不够特异和敏感，且大多数需要通过侵入性手段获取。因此，发现能够诊断早期胃癌的新型非侵入性生物标志物势在必行。在此背景下，液体活检是一种很有前景的策略。在本综述中，我们简要讨论了在血液、唾液、尿液、粪便和胃液中发现的一些用于胃癌筛查和诊断的潜在生物标志物。
