Coiro Mary Jo, Watson Kelly H, Ciriegio Abby, Jones Maile, Wolfson Amy R, Reisman Jennie, Compas Bruce E
Loyola University Maryland, Baltimore, MD USA.
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN USA.
Curr Psychol. 2021 Nov 4:1-13. doi: 10.1007/s12144-021-02444-6.
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented levels of stress to individuals in the U.S. and throughout the world. These high stress levels place individuals at risk for symptoms of anxiety, depression, and other psychiatric disorders. The current study applies a control-based model of coping to contribute to the development of evidence-based interventions to promote resilience. Data were collected online from April 22 through July 12, 2020. Data from two samples of U. S. community adults who completed an online battery of standardized questionnaires were combined (N = 709). More than a quarter reported moderate to severe levels of depression symptoms, and more than one-fifth reported moderate to severe levels of anxiety symptoms; symptom levels were higher among adults who reported more COVID-19-related stress. As hypothesized, multiple regression analyses indicated that greater use of primary and secondary control coping was associated with lower symptom levels, whereas greater use of disengagement coping was associated with higher symptom levels, above and beyond the association of stress with symptoms. Race and ethnicity emerged as important moderators of these associations, indicating that what constitutes adaptive coping varies according to characteristics of the individual. Implications for public health policy and clinical practice are discussed.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-021-02444-6.
新冠疫情给美国乃至全世界的个人带来了前所未有的压力。这些高压力水平使个人面临焦虑、抑郁和其他精神障碍症状的风险。当前的研究应用了一种基于控制的应对模型，以促进基于证据的干预措施的发展，从而增强心理韧性。数据于2020年4月22日至7月12日通过在线方式收集。来自完成一套标准化问卷调查的两个美国社区成年人样本的数据被合并（N = 709）。超过四分之一的人报告有中度至重度抑郁症状，超过五分之一的人报告有中度至重度焦虑症状；在报告有更多与新冠相关压力的成年人中，症状水平更高。正如所假设的那样，多元回归分析表明，更多地使用初级和次级控制应对方式与较低的症状水平相关，而更多地使用脱离应对方式与较高的症状水平相关，这超出了压力与症状之间的关联。种族和族裔成为这些关联的重要调节因素，表明适应性应对方式因个体特征而异。讨论了对公共卫生政策和临床实践的影响。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s12144-021-02444-6获取的补充材料。
