Carvalho Luísa C, Gonçalves Elsa F, Marques da Silva Jorge, Costa J Miguel
LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food - Research Center, Associated Laboratory TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
BioISI - Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Oct 26;12:718202. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.718202. eCollection 2021.
Plant phenotyping is an emerging science that combines multiple methodologies and protocols to measure plant traits (e.g., growth, morphology, architecture, function, and composition) at multiple scales of organization. Manual phenotyping remains as a major bottleneck to the advance of plant and crop breeding. Such constraint fostered the development of high throughput plant phenotyping (HTPP), which is largely based on imaging approaches and automatized data retrieval and processing. Field phenotyping still poses major challenges and the progress of HTPP for field conditions can be relevant to support selection and breeding of grapevine. The aim of this review is to discuss potential and current methods to improve field phenotyping of grapevine to support characterization of inter- and intravarietal diversity. has a large genetic diversity that needs characterization, and the availability of methods to support selection of plant material (polyclonal or clonal) able to withstand abiotic stress is paramount. Besides being time consuming, complex and expensive, field experiments are also affected by heterogeneous and uncontrolled climate and soil conditions, mostly due to the large areas of the trials and to the high number of traits to be observed in a number of individuals ranging from hundreds to thousands. Therefore, adequate field experimental design and data gathering methodologies are crucial to obtain reliable data. Some of the major challenges posed to grapevine selection programs for tolerance to water and heat stress are described herein. Useful traits for selection and related field phenotyping methodologies are described and their adequacy for large scale screening is discussed.
植物表型分析是一门新兴科学，它结合了多种方法和协议，用于在多个组织尺度上测量植物性状（如生长、形态、结构、功能和组成）。人工表型分析仍然是植物和作物育种进展的主要瓶颈。这种限制推动了高通量植物表型分析（HTPP）的发展，其主要基于成像方法以及自动化的数据检索和处理。田间表型分析仍然面临重大挑战，而针对田间条件的HTPP进展对于支持葡萄的选择和育种可能具有重要意义。本综述的目的是讨论改进葡萄田间表型分析以支持品种间和品种内多样性表征的潜在方法和现有方法。葡萄具有需要表征的大量遗传多样性，支持选择能够耐受非生物胁迫的植物材料（多克隆或克隆）的方法至关重要。田间试验除了耗时、复杂且昂贵外，还受到异质且不可控的气候和土壤条件的影响，这主要是由于试验面积大以及要在数百到数千个个体中观察大量性状。因此，适当的田间试验设计和数据收集方法对于获得可靠数据至关重要。本文描述了葡萄耐水和耐热胁迫选择计划面临的一些主要挑战。描述了用于选择的有用性状和相关的田间表型分析方法，并讨论了它们用于大规模筛选的适用性。
