Department of Multimedia Systems, Telecommunications and Informatics, BioTechMed Center, Faculty of Electronics, Gdansk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland.
Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55901, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Nov 16;21(22):7605. doi: 10.3390/s21227605.
The emergence of innovative neurotechnologies in global brain projects has accelerated research and clinical applications of BCIs beyond sensory and motor functions. Both invasive and noninvasive sensors are developed to interface with cognitive functions engaged in thinking, communication, or remembering. The detection of eye movements by a camera offers a particularly attractive external sensor for computer interfaces to monitor, assess, and control these higher brain functions without acquiring signals from the brain. Features of gaze position and pupil dilation can be effectively used to track our attention in healthy mental processes, to enable interaction in disorders of consciousness, or to even predict memory performance in various brain diseases. In this perspective article, we propose the term 'CyberEye' to encompass emerging cognitive applications of eye-tracking interfaces for neuroscience research, clinical practice, and the biomedical industry. As CyberEye technologies continue to develop, we expect BCIs to become less dependent on brain activities, to be less invasive, and to thus be more applicable.
在全球大脑计划中涌现出的创新性神经技术，加速了脑机接口在感觉和运动功能之外的研究和临床应用。无论是侵入性还是非侵入性传感器，都被开发出来以与参与思考、交流或记忆的认知功能相连接。通过摄像头检测眼球运动为监测、评估和控制这些更高层次的大脑功能提供了一种特别有吸引力的外部传感器，而无需从大脑获取信号。眼球位置和瞳孔扩张的特征可有效地用于跟踪我们在健康心理过程中的注意力，以在意识障碍中进行交互，甚至可以预测各种脑疾病中的记忆表现。在这篇观点文章中，我们提出了“CyberEye”一词，将其涵盖在用于神经科学研究、临床实践和生物医学工业的新兴认知应用的眼动追踪接口中。随着 CyberEye 技术的不断发展，我们预计脑机接口将越来越不依赖于大脑活动，侵入性也越来越小，因此适用性也更强。
