Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis.
Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis.
Psychol Sci. 2022 Jan;33(1):105-120. doi: 10.1177/09567976211032225. Epub 2021 Dec 8.
When searching for a target object, we engage in a continuous "look-identify" cycle in which we use known features of the target to guide attention toward potential targets and then to decide whether the selected object is indeed the target. Target information in memory (the target template or attentional template) is typically characterized as having a single, fixed source. However, debate has recently emerged over whether flexibility in the target template is relational or optimal. On the basis of evidence from two experiments using college students (s = 30 and 70, respectively), we propose that initial guidance of attention uses a coarse relational code, but subsequent decisions use an optimal code. Our results offer a novel perspective that the precision of template information differs when guiding sensory selection and when making identity decisions during visual search.
在搜索目标对象时，我们会进行持续的“看-识别”循环，在这个循环中，我们使用目标的已知特征来引导注意力指向潜在的目标，然后再判断所选对象是否确实是目标。记忆中的目标信息（目标模板或注意模板）通常具有单一、固定的来源。然而，最近关于目标模板的灵活性是关系性的还是最优的问题引起了争议。基于分别使用 30 名和 70 名大学生进行的两项实验的证据，我们提出，注意力的初始引导使用粗糙的关系代码，但随后的决策使用最优代码。我们的研究结果提供了一个新的视角，即在进行视觉搜索时引导感官选择和做出身份决策时，模板信息的精度是不同的。
