College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.
State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
Parasitol Res. 2022 Jan;121(1):287-301. doi: 10.1007/s00436-021-07334-1. Epub 2022 Jan 6.
Toxoplasma gondii is an important intracellular parasitic protozoan with a variety of hosts, including chickens, which poses a potential threat to public health. However, little is known regarding overall T. gondii infection in chickens in China. Herein, the prevalence and risk factors associated with T. gondii infection in chickens in China were investigated using a meta-analysis. Forty studies regarding the prevalence of T. gondii in chickens in China from 1993 to 2021 were identified using five databases (PubMed, Science Direct, CNKI, Wang Fang, and VIP). Quantitative and potential sources were analyzed through subgroup analysis and meta-regression in R v3.5.2. The overall prevalence of T. gondii in chickens in China was 13.4% (95% confidence interval (CI): 10.9-16.0). In the region subgroup, the lowest prevalence was presented in Northwestern China (6.0%, 95% CI: 3.2-9.5; P < 0.001). Seasonally, T. gondii prevalence was the highest in spring (17.9%, 95% CI: 7.7-30.9; P = 0.007). Among detection methods, the prevalence in the ELISA subgroup was the highest (22.8%, 95% CI: 17.1-29.1; P < 0.001). According to the farming mode, the prevalence of T. gondii in free-range chickens (19.5%, 95% CI: 15.4-23.9) was significantly higher than that in chickens raised by intensive farming (7.4%, 95% CI: 5.1-10.2; P < 0.001). We also estimated the relationships between region, sampling year, chicken age, chicken application, gender, sample classification, study quality, and T. gondii prevalence in chickens in China. Our study showed that region, season, and farming model played important roles in T. gondii infection of chickens. Integrated control measures should be undertaken to reduce the losses caused by T. gondii infection to the chicken industry.
刚地弓形虫是一种重要的细胞内寄生原生动物，具有多种宿主，包括鸡，这对公共卫生构成了潜在威胁。然而，目前对于中国鸡群中弓形虫的总体感染情况知之甚少。本研究通过荟萃分析，调查了中国鸡群中弓形虫感染的流行情况及其相关危险因素。通过五个数据库（PubMed、Science Direct、CNKI、万方和维普），从 1993 年至 2021 年共检索到 40 项关于中国鸡弓形虫感染率的研究。使用 R v3.5.2 进行亚组分析和荟萃回归分析，定量和潜在来源。中国鸡弓形虫的总感染率为 13.4%（95%置信区间：10.9-16.0）。在地区亚组中，西北地区的感染率最低（6.0%，95%置信区间：3.2-9.5；P<0.001）。季节方面，春季弓形虫的感染率最高（17.9%，95%置信区间：7.7-30.9；P=0.007）。在检测方法中，ELISA 亚组的感染率最高（22.8%，95%置信区间：17.1-29.1；P<0.001）。根据养殖模式，散养鸡（19.5%，95%置信区间：15.4-23.9）的弓形虫感染率明显高于集约化养殖鸡（7.4%，95%置信区间：5.1-10.2；P<0.001）。我们还评估了地区、采样年份、鸡龄、鸡用途、性别、样本分类、研究质量与中国鸡弓形虫感染率之间的关系。本研究表明，地区、季节和养殖模式对鸡弓形虫感染起着重要作用。应采取综合控制措施，以减少弓形虫感染给养鸡业带来的损失。
