Immunonutrition Research Group, Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN)-CSIC, C/Jose Antonio Nováis 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Cea Bermúdez Primary Health Care Centre, Madrid Health Service, C/Cea Bermúdez 10, 28003 Madrid, Spain.
Nutrients. 2021 Dec 24;14(1):57. doi: 10.3390/nu14010057.
(MO) is a multipurpose plant with a high polyphenol content, which is being increasingly consumed to lessen the risk of chronic metabolic diseases such as Type 2 diabetes; however, scientific evidence from clinical trials is scarce. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group intervention study with MO leaves as a food supplement was conducted in subjects with prediabetes. They consumed six daily capsules of MO dry leaf powder (2400 mg/day) (MO, = 31) or placebo (PLC, = 34) over 12 weeks. Glycemia, appetite-controlling hormones and gut microbiota composition were studied. ANCOVA with the fixed factor "treatment" and the basal value as covariate was used to compare the change score between the groups. The results showed significant differences between groups in the rate of change of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), which showed opposite directions during the intervention, decreasing in MO and increasing in PLC. No different change scores were found between the groups in microbiota, hepatic and renal function markers or the appetite-controlling hormones measured. In conclusion, MO supplementation resulted in favorable changes in glycaemia markers compared to placebo in the subjects with prediabetes studied, suggesting that MO might act as a natural antihyperglycemic agent.
（MO）是一种多用途植物，含有丰富的多酚，其摄入量的增加被认为可以降低 2 型糖尿病等慢性代谢性疾病的风险；然而，临床试验的科学证据仍然有限。本研究开展了一项以 MO 叶为膳食补充剂的、针对前驱糖尿病患者的双盲、随机、安慰剂对照、平行分组干预研究。12 周内，参与者每天口服 6 粒 MO 干叶粉（2400mg/天）（MO 组，n=31）或安慰剂（PLC 组，n=34）。研究了血糖、食欲调节激素和肠道微生物群组成的变化。采用固定因子“治疗”和基础值作为协变量的协方差分析（ANCOVA）来比较组间变化评分。结果表明，两组在空腹血糖（FBG）和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）的变化率上存在显著差异，干预期间呈相反方向，MO 组降低，PLC 组升高。MO 组和 PLC 组之间的肠道微生物群、肝肾功能标志物或测量的食欲调节激素的变化评分无差异。综上所述，与安慰剂相比，MO 补充剂在前驱糖尿病患者中使血糖标志物发生了有利变化，提示 MO 可能作为一种天然降血糖剂发挥作用。
