Chu Chien-Chi, Zhou Zhi-Hang, Wang Xin, Wu Haichao, Tian Yue, Cai Zepai
Business School, Foshan University, Foshan, China.
Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
Front Psychol. 2022 Jan 25;12:751309. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.751309. eCollection 2021.
Recently, scholars have begun to shift their focus toward the idea of the marketization of startups and the relationship with entrepreneurial psychology or other factors; however, the establishment of a unified and clear standard of entrepreneurship educational methods remains unfulfilled. Our study investigates 46 representative startups in four industries, including financial technology, biotechnology, education, and cultural tourism areas in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) and Southeast Asia (SEA) to observe factors from different backgrounds but matter in common for building entrepreneurship education systems and methods in different countries. We used the fuzzy qualitative comparison method (fsQCA) to survey startup entrepreneurs and executives through questionnaires, selecting startup key factors including entrepreneurial psychology (optimism, passion, self-efficacy), product advantage, market and cultural environment, entrepreneurial policy, and geographical advantage. The survey was conducted on six key variables, namely, geographical advantage, to observe the conditional grouping and paths of factors influencing the establishment of Startups from an overall perspective. This study explores the path combination that plays a key role in the establishment of new enterprises, and further uses specific industry cases to verify the rationality and credibility of the path combination. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) There are five combination paths affecting the establishment of new enterprises, which are "psychology and market," "psychology, product, and region," "psychology, culture and policy," "psychology, market, and culture," and "market, policy, and region" combination paths; (2) Entrepreneur psychology, market environment, and entrepreneurship policy are the core conditions to improve the effectiveness of the establishment of new enterprises, while the other three variables are non-core variables in different paths; (3) There are different paths of entrepreneurial paths and factor combinations in different regions or industries.
最近，学者们开始将注意力转向创业企业的市场化理念以及与创业心理或其他因素的关系；然而，建立统一且明确的创业教育方法标准仍未实现。我们的研究调查了粤港澳大湾区（GBA）和东南亚（SEA）金融科技、生物技术、教育和文化旅游等四个行业的46家代表性创业企业，以观察不同背景但对构建不同国家创业教育体系和方法具有共同重要性的因素。我们使用模糊定性比较法（fsQCA）通过问卷调查对创业企业的企业家和高管进行调查，选取创业关键因素，包括创业心理（乐观、激情、自我效能感）、产品优势、市场和文化环境、创业政策以及地理优势。该调查针对六个关键变量展开，即地理优势，从整体角度观察影响创业企业成立的因素的条件分组和路径。本研究探索了在新企业成立中起关键作用的路径组合，并进一步使用具体行业案例来验证路径组合的合理性和可信度。主要结论如下：（1）有五条影响新企业成立的组合路径，分别是“心理与市场”“心理、产品与区域”“心理、文化与政策”“心理、市场与文化”以及“市场、政策与区域”组合路径；（2）创业心理、市场环境和创业政策是提高新企业成立有效性的核心条件，而其他三个变量在不同路径中是非核心变量；（3）不同地区或行业存在不同的创业路径和因素组合路径。
