State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR 999078, China.
Cells. 2022 Jan 29;11(3):479. doi: 10.3390/cells11030479.
(1) Background: extract (GBE) has been widely used to treat central nervous system and cardiovascular diseases. Accumulating evidence has revealed the therapeutic potential of GBE against Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, no systematic evaluation has been performed; (2) Methods: a total of 17 preclinical studies and 20 clinical trials assessing the therapeutic effects of GBE against AD were identified from electronic databases. The data in the reports were extracted to conduct a meta-analysis of the AD-related pathological features or symptoms; (3) Results: For the preclinical reports, 45 animals treated with GBE, in six studies, were subjected to cognitive function assessments by the Morris water maze. GBE was shown to reduce the escape latencies in several studies, in both rats and mice (I > 70%, < 0.005). For the clinical trials, eight trials, including 2100 individuals, were conducted. The results show that GBE improved the SKT and ADAS-Cog scores in early-stage AD patients after high doses and long-term administration; (4) Conclusions: GBE displayed generally consistent anti-AD effects in animal experiments, and it might improve AD symptoms in early-stage AD patients after high doses and long-term administration. A lack of sample size calculations and the poor quality of the methods are two obvious limitations of the studies. Nevertheless, the preclinical and clinical data suggest that further large-scale clinical trials may be needed in order to examine the effects of long-term GEB administration on early-stage AD.
(1) 背景：银杏叶提取物（GBE）已被广泛用于治疗中枢神经系统和心血管疾病。越来越多的证据表明 GBE 对阿尔茨海默病（AD）具有治疗潜力；然而，尚未进行系统评价；(2) 方法：从电子数据库中总共确定了 17 项评估 GBE 治疗 AD 疗效的临床前研究和 20 项临床试验。从报告中提取数据，对 AD 相关病理特征或症状进行荟萃分析；(3) 结果：对于临床前报告，6 项研究中，45 只用 GBE 治疗的动物接受了 Morris 水迷宫的认知功能评估。GBE 显示在几项研究中减少了大鼠和小鼠的逃避潜伏期（I > 70%，< 0.005）。对于临床试验，进行了八项试验，包括 2100 个人。结果表明，高剂量和长期给药后，GBE 改善了早期 AD 患者的 SKT 和 ADAS-Cog 评分；(4) 结论：GBE 在动物实验中显示出一般一致的抗 AD 作用，高剂量和长期给药后可能改善早期 AD 患者的 AD 症状。研究存在两个明显的局限性：缺乏样本量计算和方法质量差。尽管如此，临床前和临床数据表明，可能需要进行更大规模的临床试验，以检查长期 GEB 给药对早期 AD 的影响。
