Sorsa Mekonnen, Mamo Gezahegne, Waktole Hika, Abunna Fufa, Zewude Aboma, Ameni Gobena
Department of Veterinary Laboratory Technology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ambo University, Ambo, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Infect Drug Resist. 2022 Feb 3;15:387-398. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S340866. eCollection 2022.
Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease with economic and public health significance in developing countries that rely on livestock production including Ethiopia. This study intended to establish the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of ovine brucellosis.
A cross-sectional study was carried out on seroepidemiology of ovine brucellosis from January 2017 to June 2020 G.C in five districts of South Omo zone, Southern Ethiopia. A total of 1536 sera samples were collected from sheep and serially tested using modified Rose Bengal plate test, competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and complement fixation test to detect antibodies against natural infection by species. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from individual animals, and flocks for the analysis of the association between expounding and outcome variables. Data were analyzed using STATA version 14.0 and potential risk factors for seropositivity of brucellosis were analyzed using logistic regression.
The study discovered an overall 5.40% (95% CI: 6.34, 14.25) and 39.74% (95% CI: 6.50, 6.97) seroprevalence of ovine brucellosis at individual and flock level, respectively, by a confirmatory test. Age groups, sex, flock size, district, history of abortion, and body condition were significantly associated risk factors with seropositivity (p < 0.05).
To conclude, the prevalence of ovine brucellosis in the South Omo Zone was relatively high which needs integrated intervention approaches in place to curb the spread of the disease.
布鲁氏菌病是一种人畜共患病，在包括埃塞俄比亚在内的依赖畜牧业生产的发展中国家具有经济和公共卫生意义。本研究旨在确定绵羊布鲁氏菌病的血清阳性率及相关危险因素。
于2017年1月至2020年6月在埃塞俄比亚南部奥莫地区的五个区开展了一项关于绵羊布鲁氏菌病血清流行病学的横断面研究。共采集了1536份绵羊血清样本，并依次使用改良玫瑰红平板试验、竞争酶联免疫吸附试验和补体结合试验检测针对自然感染的抗体。使用结构化问卷从个体动物和羊群收集数据，以分析解释变量与结果变量之间的关联。数据使用STATA 14.0版进行分析，并使用逻辑回归分析布鲁氏菌病血清阳性的潜在危险因素。
通过确证试验，该研究发现绵羊布鲁氏菌病在个体和羊群水平的血清阳性率分别为5.40%（95%置信区间：6.34，14.25）和39.74%（95%置信区间：6.50，6.97）。年龄组、性别、羊群规模、地区、流产史和身体状况是与血清阳性显著相关的危险因素（p<0.05）。
总之，奥莫南区绵羊布鲁氏菌病的患病率相对较高，需要采取综合干预措施来遏制该病的传播。
