Asmare Kassahun, Megersa Bekele, Denbarga Yifat, Abebe Girma, Taye Anley, Bekele Jemere, Bekele Tesfaye, Gelaye Esayas, Zewdu Endrias, Agonafir Abebe, Ayelet Gelagay, Skjerve Eystein
School of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2013 Feb;45(2):555-60. doi: 10.1007/s11250-012-0258-2. Epub 2012 Sep 8.
Caprine brucellosis in Ethiopia is less commonly reported with limited information on the disease status in the country. The objective of this study was therefore to highlight the status of goat brucellosis in three distinctly different livestock production systems of southern and central Ethiopia. A total 3,315 goats of different age and sex, living with other animals in variable flock size, were sampled from 448 flocks raised in sedentary, pastoral and agro-pastoral production systems. Goats were bled aseptically and sera were collected for serial testing using Rose Bengal Plate Test as screening test and subsequently complement fixation test as confirmatory test. Questionnaire and laboratory data were analysed for descriptive, univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis both at individual and flock level (STATA 11). The study revealed an overall animal level seroprevalence of 1.9 % (95 % CI 1.5, 2.4). In sedentary production system, the observed seroprevalence was 0.6 % (95 % CI 0.2, 0.9) while 1.9 % (95 % CI 1.1, 2.7) and 7.6 % (95 % CI 5.1, 10.1) were the proportion of seroreactors for agro-pastoral and pastoral production systems, respectively. The observed prevalence difference between the three production systems was statistically significant (P < 0.05). At the flock level analysis, 11.2 % (95 % CI 8.2, 14.1) of the flocks sampled had at least one seropositive goat among themselves. Like individual level analysis, the highest prevalence of 32.5 % (95 % CI 21.9, 43.0) was recorded for pastoral production system, followed by agro-pastoral, 13.0 % (95 % CI 7.0, 19.0) and sedentary production system, 3.6 % (95% CI 1.3, 6.0). Accordingly, the odds of Brucella seropositivity were higher (OR = 12.8) in pastoral followed by agro-pastoral (OR = 4.0) in relation to sedentary production system. Large numbers of seroreactors were observed in adult age living in larger flocks with other livestock species. However, no difference was noted between male and female goats. Finally, the need for nationwide survey and subsequent designing and implementation of appropriate control measure is suggested.
埃塞俄比亚的山羊布鲁氏菌病报告较少，该国关于该病状况的信息有限。因此，本研究的目的是突出埃塞俄比亚南部和中部三种截然不同的畜牧生产系统中山羊布鲁氏菌病的状况。从在定居、游牧和农牧混合生产系统中饲养的448个羊群中，抽取了总共3315只不同年龄和性别的山羊，这些山羊与其他动物生活在一起，羊群规模各异。对山羊进行无菌采血，并收集血清，先用玫瑰红平板试验作为筛查试验进行系列检测，随后用补体结合试验作为确诊试验。对问卷调查和实验室数据进行了描述性、单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，分析在个体和羊群层面进行（使用STATA 11软件）。研究显示，动物总体血清阳性率为1.9%（95%置信区间为1.5%，2.4%）。在定居生产系统中，观察到的血清阳性率为0.6%（95%置信区间为0.2%，0.9%），而在农牧混合和游牧生产系统中，血清反应阳性动物的比例分别为1.9%（95%置信区间为1.1%，2.7%）和7.6%（95%置信区间为5.1%，10.1%）。在这三种生产系统中观察到的患病率差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。在羊群层面分析中，所抽样的羊群中有11.2%（95%置信区间为8.2%，14.1%）至少有一只血清阳性山羊。与个体层面分析一样，游牧生产系统的患病率最高，为32.5%（95%置信区间为21.9%，43.0%），其次是农牧混合生产系统，为13.0%（95%置信区间为7.0%，19.0%），定居生产系统为3.6%（95%置信区间为1.3%，6.0%）。因此，与定居生产系统相比，游牧生产系统中布鲁氏菌血清阳性的几率更高（比值比=12.8），其次是农牧混合生产系统（比值比=4.0）。在与其他家畜种类生活在较大羊群中的成年山羊中观察到大量血清反应阳性动物。然而，公山羊和母山羊之间未发现差异。最后，建议在全国范围内进行调查，并随后设计和实施适当的控制措施。
