Department of Nursing, Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland.
Department of Nursing, Campus de Ciencias, University of Murcia, El Palmar, 30120 Murcia, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 18;19(4):2388. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19042388.
(1) The COVID-19 outbreak brought about several socio-economic changes and has had a negative impact on the mental health of people around the world. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between health behaviours and dispositional optimism among nursing students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia during the COVID-19 pandemic. (2) The study was carried out in spring 2021 on a group of 756 nursing students in Poland ( = 390), Spain ( = 196) and Slovakia ( = 170). The diagnostic survey method was applied with the questionnaire technique, and the following standardised research tools were used: Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) and the Health Behaviour Inventory (IZZ). The survey was conducted in a mixed arrangement: in direct contact with the respondents in Poland and in Spain and online in Slovakia. (3) Significant differences were demonstrated in health behaviour preferences in students in Poland, Spain and Slovakia (F = 6.22; < 0.002). The highest IZZ index was found in Spanish students (82.60 ± 13.65), while lower values were observed in Slovak (80.38 ± 13.74) and Polish (78.44 ± 13.47) students. The correlation between dispositional optimism and a positive attitude was the strongest in the Polish sample (r = 0.56; < 0.001), at a high level in the Spanish sample (r = 0.53; < 0.001) and at an average level in the Slovak sample (r = 0.48; < 0.001). (4) 1. The study showed a moderating effect of the country of origin on the students' health behaviours. 2. Dispositional optimism is an important predictor of the students' health behaviours, regardless of the country of origin.
(1) COVID-19 疫情带来了一些社会经济变化，对世界各国人民的心理健康产生了负面影响。本研究旨在探讨波兰、西班牙和斯洛伐克护理学生在 COVID-19 大流行期间健康行为和倾向性乐观之间的相关性。(2) 该研究于 2021 年春季在波兰（n = 390）、西班牙（n = 196）和斯洛伐克（n = 170）的 756 名护理学生中进行。采用诊断性调查方法，采用问卷技术，使用以下标准化研究工具：生活取向测验修订版（LOT-R）和健康行为量表（IZZ）。调查采用混合安排进行：在波兰和西班牙与受访者直接接触，在斯洛伐克在线进行。(3) 波兰、西班牙和斯洛伐克学生的健康行为偏好存在显著差异（F = 6.22；< 0.002）。西班牙学生的 IZZ 指数最高（82.60 ± 13.65），而斯洛伐克学生（80.38 ± 13.74）和波兰学生（78.44 ± 13.47）的数值较低。倾向性乐观与积极态度之间的相关性在波兰样本中最强（r = 0.56；< 0.001），在西班牙样本中呈中度相关（r = 0.53；< 0.001），在斯洛伐克样本中呈低度相关（r = 0.48；< 0.001）。(4) 1. 研究表明，原籍国对学生的健康行为有调节作用。2. 倾向性乐观是学生健康行为的重要预测因素，与原籍国无关。
