Jang Hyunsoo, Kim Seo Hyun, Koh Youmin, Yoon Ki-Jun
Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea.
KAIST-Wonjin Cell Therapy Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea.
Int J Stem Cells. 2022 Feb 28;15(1):41-59. doi: 10.15283/ijsc22004.
The emergence of brain organoids as a model system has been a tremendously exciting development in the field of neuroscience. Brain organoids are a gateway to exploring the intricacies of human-specific neurogenesis that have so far eluded the neuroscience community. Regardless, current culture methods have a long way to go in terms of accuracy and reproducibility. To perfectly mimic the human brain, we need to recapitulate the complex context of the human fetal brain and achieve mature neural circuitry with an intact cytoarchitecture. In this review, we explore the major challenges facing the current brain organoid systems, potential technical breakthroughs to advance brain organoid techniques up to levels similar to an in vivo human developing brain, and the future prospects of this technology.
脑类器官作为一种模型系统的出现，是神经科学领域一项极其令人兴奋的进展。脑类器官是探索人类特有的神经发生复杂性的一扇大门，而迄今为止，神经科学界一直未能解开这些复杂性。尽管如此，目前的培养方法在准确性和可重复性方面仍有很长的路要走。为了完美模拟人类大脑，我们需要重现人类胎儿大脑的复杂环境，并实现具有完整细胞结构的成熟神经回路。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了当前脑类器官系统面临的主要挑战、推动脑类器官技术发展到类似于体内人类发育大脑水平的潜在技术突破，以及这项技术的未来前景。
